These northern states showcase the lesser-known side of Mexico, offering unforgettable adventures through stunning natural wonders, vibrant culture, and rich history.

Sonora is a vast northern region of arid beauty, offering a striking contrast between its expansive deserts and coastal area, where travelers can explore everything from massive dunes to stunning, serene beaches.

• Gran Desierto de Altar
• Pinacate Biosphere Reserve
• Sea of Cortez Coastline

Chihuahua is renowned for its vast desert landscapes and rugged mountain ranges, a stunning natural wonder offering adventurous travelers amazing scenic views, hiking trails, and the famous Chepe train journey.

• Copper Canyon (Barranca del Cobre)
• Sierra Tarahumara
• Paquimé Archaeological Zone

Coahuila is a diverse region known for its vast deserts, unique ecosystems, and historic mining towns such as Parras de la Fuente and Real de Catorce, where visitors can explore vineyards, mystical landscapes, and rich history.

• Cuatro Ciénegas Biosphere Reserve
• Real de Catorce
• Parras de la Fuente

Nuevo León is a state renowned for its rugged Sierra Madre Oriental mountains, offering vibrant outdoor activities like hiking, rock climbing, and exploring natural wonders and the scenic Cola de Caballo waterfall.

• Cumbres de Monterrey National Park
• Cola de Caballo Waterfall
• Chipinque Ecological Park

Tamaulipas invites outdoor enthusiasts to explore its remarkable natural diversity, stunning coastal wetlands along the Gulf of Mexico, lush subtropical forests, and rugged mountain ranges in the Sierra Madre Oriental.

• El Cielo Biosphere Reserve
• Playa Miramar
• Soto la Marina River

Sinaloa offers a captivating blend of coastal beauty and rich cultural heritage, with its stunning beaches along the Pacific Ocean, lush valleys, vibrant cities, delicious cuisine, lively music scene, and deep-rooted traditions.

• Mazatlán
• Las Labradas
• El Fuerte

Durango boasts a striking blend of deserts, majestic mountains, and lush forests that have graced numerous films. This diverse terrain offers hiking, rock climbing, and exploring nowadays abandoned mining towns.

• Zona del Silencio
• Sierra Madre Occidental
• Old West Film Sets

Baja California is renowned for its stunning desert landscapes and breathtaking coastal beauty. This dynamic region offers a unique blend of all kinds of outdoor adventures, rich cultural experiences, and delicious cuisine.

• Valle de Guadalupe
• Ensenada
• Sierra de San Pedro Mártir National Park

Baja California Sur is known for its beaches, marine life, and landscapes where the desert meets the ocean. The region offers snorkeling, whale watching, and hiking, alongside opportunities to relax on its sandy shores.

• Cabo San Lucas
• La Paz
• Loreto

Plan your trip now and explore the hidden gems of Northern Mexico!

The region known today as Mante is taken from the Huastecan Indian name, “Cinco potreros de Tamatán”, or the five pasture grounds, and in the “Tenek” or Huastecan language a word that means, “the embarkation of canoes.”

According to various documents, it was a very unsanitary place due to the flooding that the land suffered when the regional rivers overflowed, and more so due to the Mante River whose waters stagnated for months without any exit causing caused the formation of large lime deposits that afterward became a breeding ground for mosquitos and horse-flies whose sting was very painful.

Due to these insupportable and unsanitary conditions, the Spanish could not colonize the region permanently, although due to the rich and fertile capability of the ground they did farm the area.

According to several studies, there were several Indian tribes of “collectors-hunters” that inhabited the area with the Parnes, Chichimecas, and Janambres as the predominant tribes in the area.

The Janambres represented a formidable danger to those who attempted colonization as they attacked all who tried to settle in the “Tamatán” area. There are many stories that the Janambres were constantly hostile towards the colonists and when these fought to repel the attacks, the Indians withdrew to the hills.

On the other hand, there are indications that early in the conquest of Mexico the region of Mante was visited by several Augustinian missionaries, among them Friar Juan de Mesa, Friar Nicolas de San Paulo (last name Witte); Friar Comel de Bye and Friar Antonio de Roa, who ministered in several areas such as Tamezin (Tamesi, Tanchipa) and Tanguachin.

These facts are taken from Doctor Patricia Osante in her book Orígenes del Nuevo Santander (The Origins of New Santander).

However, according to the available evidence, neither of these Augustinian missionaries established a mission or any other colony, or at least, none of the evidence gives one reason to believe so.

Therefore, the “Cinco Potreros de Tamatán” (Five Pastures of Tamatan), also known as “Frondoso Paraje de Canoas” (The Luxuriant Embarkation of Canoes) or (The Leafy Embarkation of Canoes), was not considered by the founding officials, including the Escandón family.

The poor quality of the lands of San Juan Bautista de Horcasitas (today Magiscatzín, a township of González), forced several of his fellow colonists to migrate towards the mountain range of Tanchipa, including the surrounding areas of the Mante River spring.

In this area, they began to cultivate the fertile lands that guaranteed them excellent harvests of corn, beans, sugar cane, peppers, and fruit, which they used for their subsistence and commercial reasons.

So it was in November 1750, when Escandón was on an inspection visit in Horcasitas, that he found the area already populated. Finding it justifiable he proceeded to donate these lands to the Bishop of Manila, Don Manuel Antonio Rojo de la Fuente, and Vieyra, who accepted them.

After fulfilling all the legal requirements, Escandón orders Captain Juan Antonio de Barberena to take possession or the lands known as “Cinco Potreros de Tamatán” (The Five Pastures of Tamatán), which according to the testimony of the same Barberena occurred on March 8, 1764, at the same time taking an official census of the marketing colonists, and belongings of the Hustecan and Olive Indians that lived in the Horcasitas.

Miguel Velazquez and Ausencio Hernández represented the colonists and Andrés (Andrew) Gómez the Indians. There were thirty-five colonists living in the immediate vicinity of the Mante River spring and sixty-six in the area from Abra to Tanchipa.

On the basis of this historical data, some people consider this date and these colonists the founders of what was then known as “Frondoso Paraje de Canoas” (The Luxuriant Embarkation of Canoes) or (The Leafy Embarkation of Canoes), later known as “Rancho Canoas” (Canoe Ranch), and later still as Villa Juárez (Juarez Village), and now as Ciudad Mante (Mante City).

However, we should recognize that dividing the land among the inhabitants does not constitute the founding of a town or city, and in this sense, the Ciudad Mante (City of Mante) does not possess a precise founding date.

Hipolito Aviles, a fellow citizen and researcher living in Mante, submits that the word “mante” comes from the Nahuatl language and is composed of three syllables in that language: “man”, “atl” and “tetl”, which mean “place of”, “water” and “rock”.

Taken together these words mean “the place of the water in the rock” or “where the water comes out of the rock”, clearly alluding to the Mante River spring, because it is there that the water surges forth from the rock in the “Sierra de Cucharas”.

Contradicting the previous opinion is the fact that one must remember that this region was never inhabited by the Nahuatl Indians. The tribes that lived here were Huastecan, a branch of the Maya, and their language was “tének” or “huasteco” (Huastecan).

According to the research of diverse renown educators that have diligently studied the Tenek language, it is known that the word “mante” is of Tének origin and is formed from two roots which are: “man” meaning “yellow”, and “te” meaning “stick” or “tree”.

Therefore it is obvious that the word “mante” refers to the tree of that name, and whose fruit, upon ripening is of such an intense yellow color that it gives the same yellow appearance to the leaves of this tree when seen from a distance.

At the same time, it is clear that it is this tree that gives the River Mante its name, later to the sugar mill and also to the City of Mante.

If the version of Hipolito Aviles were true, then only the river would have this name but not the tree because the tree does not “surge forth from the water in the rock.”

On this basis, the name “Mante” correctly came from the tree in the family of the sapota tree with the same name.

“Mante” therefore means “yellow stick (or tree).”

The city of Mante has many beautiful and attractive sights for the tourist. Many of these tourist attractions are located in the immediate area surrounding Mante. Several of these places are briefly described in the following details.

“El Nacimiento” Or the “Birthplace” is only 7 miles by graveled road from the city and accessible in all seasons.

To see this magnificent spring with water flowing from the rocks in the “sierra de Cucharas” (Knifde spoon Ridge Mountains) is a new and marvelous experience. It is a tourist site where the entire family can enjoy a satisfying day in the country along with a picnic.

One may also go swimming or simply relax on a boat ride. One would be encouraged to swim to the mouth of the cave in order to view and enjoy the view of the light entering into the cave (above) and the crystal clear waters with an emerald tint.

“La Aguja” or “The Needle” is another popular swimming place in excellent condition approximately 4 miles from Mante.

It was (constructed) along with the construction of a dam on the Mante River which is used to irrigate the large sugar cane plantations of the region. This dam was constructed between 1927 and 1929 and inaugurated on August 9, 1929.

From here one can navigate upstream until you arrives at the “Nacimiento”.

The Beaches of Limon are to the North 7.5 miles away where the township of Limon with a lovely and friendly population is closely knit with Cd. Mante.

Coming down the river you come to where two pleasant rivers, the Sabinas and Frio (Cold River) join flowing into the Guayalejo River. This lovely attraction is visited by a large number of tourists that enjoy the tranquil, shallow, and uncontaminated waters of the river.

The cave at “El Abra” and the natural cave of Quintero are two of the caverns in the Cuchara Sierra and are without doubt the best known and more frequently visited in our region because of the close proximity to Cd. Mante.

In the cave at El Abra, it is worthwhile to view the “basement” located at the bottom of its interior 380 feet from the entrance.

It was partially explored by cave explorers from San Antonio, Texas in 1956. In the natural cavern of Quintero, one may observe the thousands of bats at the eventide as they emerge from the cave to search for food in the surrounding areas.

A castle-like building was constructed during the last century that belonged to the large hacienda “El Naranjo” (The Orange Tree). It was famous during its time, having received distinguished guests such as General Porfirio Diaz. It is located to the south of the village called Nueva Apolonia.

El Cielo (The Heaven) a protected cloud forest covers a land mass of 144,530 hectares and is a paradise for the great number of species that inhabit it. There are 175 distinct species of migratory birds and 225 local fowl, various amphibious mammals, as well as white tail deer, jaguar, and black bear.

This is due to the unique climatological, biological, and topographical conditions in El Cielo.

To find out more about this paradise take a look at the photos of this ecological reserve of our region. This is located away from Mante’s other beautiful sights as the Servilleta Canyon in the Mante’s zone.

You can dial 078 from any phone, where you can find free information about tourist attractions, airports, travel agencies, car rental companies, embassies and consulates, fairs and exhibitions, hotels, hospitals, financial services, migratory and other issues.

Or dial the toll-free (in Mexico) number 01-800-006-8839.

You can also request information to the email correspondencia@sectur.gob.mx

MORE EMERGENCY NUMBERS:

General Information: 040 (not free)

SNational Emergency Service: 911

Radio Patrols: 066
Police (Emergency): 060
Civil Protection: +52(55)5683-2222
Anonymous Complaint: 089

Setravi (Transport Mobility): +52(55)5209-9913
Road Emergency: 074

Cruz Roja: 065 o +52(55)5557-5757
Firefighters: 068 o +52(55)5768-3700

Reynosa has a semi-arid climate with short, mild winters and hot summers. The average annual precipitation is 452 mm, with most of it being concentrated in the summer months though the months May and June are the wettest.

• Winters are mild and dry with a January high of 22°C and a low of 11°C although temperatures can fall below 10°C.
• Summers are hot with a July mean of 30°C and temperatures can exceed 40°C anytime from May until August.

The best time to visit Reynosa

The best time to visit Reynosa is during the cooler months, from November to March. During this period, temperatures are mild, ranging from 11°C to 22°C in January, making it comfortable for outdoor activities.

Summer can be extremely hot, with temperatures often exceeding 40°C.

If you prefer warm but not scorching weather, late fall and early spring are also good options.

Reynosa was named in honor of the town of origin of the then viceroy of New Spain – Juan Francisco de Güemes y Horcasitas, first Count of Revillagigedo, who was a native of the Spanish town of Reinosa located in Cantabria.

The town’s full name was Villa de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe de Reinosa.

The name “Reynosa” came about in the early 1900s due to spelling mistakes in official documents. The letter “I” was often written as “Y”. In 1926, the government made “Reynosa” the town’s official name when it became a city.

Reynosa emerged after the town of Camargo was founded on March 14, 1749, when Colonel José de Escandón y Helguera ordered the founding of a second town on the banks of the Rio Bravo, ten leagues downstream.

Reynosa was built on a vast alluvial plain, the habitual home of the Comecrudos, Tejones, Pintos, and Pajaritos Indians, as well as displaced groups from the New Kingdom of León such as Sacatiles, Nazas, and Narices.

The original inhabitants of Reinosa were mostly from the area of the current state of Nuevo León, which included a register of 41 heads of family and eleven soldiers and their families from the local fleet, which totaled 223 people.

On July 4, 1802, the town was moved 8 km to the east, due to constant flooding.

Between 1846 and 1848, during the Mexican-American War, Reynosa was captured and occupied by the US Army. After the war ended, Reynosa was returned to Mexico with the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo in 1848.

In 1926, the state government officially granted Reynosa city status.

Reynosa has several interesting places to visit and things to do.

Sightseeing & Attractions

• Plaza Principal (Main Plaza) – A central gathering spot with gardens, fountains, and a historic church.
• Parroquia de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe – A beautiful church with historical and religious significance.
• Cultural Park Reynosa – A cultural center hosting concerts, art exhibits, and performances.
• Reynosa History Museum – A small but interesting museum showcasing the city’s history and culture.

Activities & Entertainment

• Zaragoza Market – A great place to shop for local crafts, souvenirs, and traditional Mexican food.
• Parque Cultural Reynosa – A park with walking paths, outdoor concerts, and cultural events.
• Rio Grande River Area – Scenic spots near the river are great for a peaceful walk or photography.

There are several nearby destinations worth visiting:

• McAllen, Texas (20 min drive)
• Nuevo Progreso, Mexico (45 min drive)
• Monterrey, Nuevo León (2.5-hour drive)
• La Pesca, Tamaulipas (2.5-hour drive)

• Try authentic tacos and regional dishes – Reynosa is known for its delicious street food.
• Visit a traditional cantina – Experience classic Mexican nightlife with drinks and live entertainment.

Reynosa celebrates several traditions, holidays, and festivals throughout the year:

• Día de la Virgen de Guadalupe (December 12)
• Carnaval de Reynosa (February or March)
• Fiestas de la Primavera (Spring Festivals)
• Independence Day (September 16)
• Día de los Muertos (Day of the Dead, November 1-2)
• Christmas (December)
• Día del Niño (Children’s Day, April 30)

These holidays and festivals provide an opportunity to experience authentic local traditions.

Reynosa is well-connected by road, and getting there is relatively easy.

From McAllen, USA

Reynosa is just a short drive (about 20 minutes) from McAllen. You can cross the border through the International Bridge or Hidalgo-Reynosa International Bridge. Be sure to have your passport or valid travel documents ready.

There are bus services from McAllen and other major cities in Mexico to Reynosa. Bus stations like Central de Autobuses de Reynosa have regular routes. Most buses are comfortable, and the journey is affordable.

From Monterrey

Reynosa is around a 2.5-hour drive from Monterrey. Take Mexican Highway 2 (Carretera Federal 2) west towards Reynosa.

Reynosa International Airport

Reynosa International Airport (General Lucio Blanco International Airport) is a small airport with limited flights, primarily connecting to Mexico City and other cities in Mexico, and also McAllen Miller International Airport.

Getting Around in Reynosa

• Taxis are widely available and can be a convenient way to get around the city.
• Reynosa has a bus system that is economical but might not cover all areas of the city.
• Renting a car is an option if you prefer flexibility in traveling around the city and nearby areas.
• The city’s downtown area is walkable, especially around the main plaza and historical sites.

It’s easy to visit Reynosa and explore the city and surrounding areas.

Reynosa offers a range of accommodations to fit different needs.

Downtown Reynosa (Centro Histórico)

Staying in the city center puts you close to major attractions, like the Main Plaza, and Parroquia de Nuestra Señora de Guadalupe. This area offers a variety of accommodations, including budget hotels and mid-range options.

Zona Industrial (Industrial Zone)

This area is a business hub, offering accommodations for those visiting for work or business purposes. There are several business hotels with amenities like meeting rooms and easy access to major roads.

South Reynosa (Near Parks and Green Spaces)

If you’re looking for a quieter stay with some green spaces, there are accommodations closer to parks and recreational areas, such as Parque Cultural Reynosa. This area provides a more relaxed vibe while still being near the city’s amenities.

Prehispanic history

There is very little historical evidence about the native tribes that lived in present-day Matamoros.

But just like in many parts of northern Tamaulipas, the region of Matamoros was most likely occupied by one of these three tribes that inhabited Tamaulipas—the Olmecs, the Chicimecs, and the Huastecs—before the colonization by the Spanish colonials.

Foundation

In the year 1519, the same year that Hernán Cortés arrived in the Americas at the port of Veracruz, a captain named Alonso Álvarez de Pineda carried out a brief expedition to the region of northern Tamaulipas, where he named the town known today as Rio Bravo (Rio Grande) as Rio de las Palmas (Palms River).

Nevertheless, the actual founding of Matamoros began in 1686, when Captain Alonso de León explored the area and concluded that the Rio Grande was an excellent route for navigation and that the area of Matamoros was an ideal spot for cattle raising.

In the year 1749, thirteen enterprising families, twelve from Camargo and one from Reynosa, decided to invest and begin a new, influential cattle industry in the area.

Former landowners were reluctant that this new investment would be successful since the frequent overflows from the Rio Grande caused severe floods, and because ranches were occasionally attacked by Indians.

Nonetheless, these thirteen families effectively carried out their business plan and structuralized 113 cattle-raising sites. In the year 1774, they officially named the area San Juan de los Esteros Hermosos, known today as Matamoros.

In 1793, to colonize the province of Nuevo Santander, two Franciscan missionaries named Francisco Pueyes and Manuel Júlio Silva established a parish in the main plaza of Matamoros. They proposed a new name for the community: Villa del Refugio, in honor of the parish and patron saint, Our Lady of the Refuge of the Estuaries.

Mexican Independence

In 1826, the governor Lucas Fernandez dispatched a decree to change the name of the city to Matamoros, in honor of Mariano Matamoros, a hero of the Mexican War of Independence who participated along with José María Morelos.

During the Texas Revolution (1836), Matamoros was the fortress for many Mexican soldiers against rebel attacks. In 1851, the city of Matamoros was again heroic for defending soldiers against attacks, and the troops of Francisco Avalos were able to repel their enemy.

After that victory, the state congress granted Matamoros the title of “Heroic”, countersigned by the Mexican Congress.

The future of the city radically changed after Matamoros declared itself an international free trade zone in 1858. This transformation brought about urbanization, industrialization, and the expansion of the Bagdad Port, which experienced an economic boom for being the only entrance port for mercenaries for the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War. The Port of Matamoros, also known as the Port of Bagdad, was during the American Civil War one of the leading commercial ports of the world.

Texas Revolution

The city of Matamoros, Tamaulipas was a strategic and fortified city during the Texas Revolution. The Matamoros Expedition was launched to attack Matamoros and defeat the forces of Antonio López de Santa Anna. It proved controversial and divisive. The roots of the controversy lay in the division within the provisional government between Governor Henry Smith and the General Council over whether to remain loyal to the Constitution of 1824 and support the liberals of Mexico in the Federalist cause against Santa Anna or to declare independence from Mexico and seek to become an independent territory. The division, on the other hand, was mirrored within the provisional government and among the commanders in the field, who compounded the situation and contributed to the near destruction of the Texan army.

American Civil War

At the beginning of the American Civil War, the city of Matamoros was simply a sleepy little border town across the Rio Grande from Brownsville. It had, for several years, been considered a port, but it had relatively few ships arriving. Previous to the war, accounts mention that not over six ships entered the port each year. Nevertheless, in about four years, Matamoros, due to its proximity to Texas, was to assume the state as a port and multiply its inhabitants in number. Following is a quote from a Union General in 1885 describing the importance of the port in Matamoros:

“Matamoros is to the rebellion west of the Mississippi what New York is to the United States—its great commercial and financial center, feeding and clothing the rebellion, arming and equipping, furnishing it materials of war and a specie basis of circulation that has almost displaced Confederate paper…The entire Confederate Government is greatly sustained by resources from this port.”

The cotton trade brought together in Bagdad, Tamaulipas, and Matamoros over 20,000 speculators from the Union and the Confederacy, England, France, and Germany. Bagdad had grown from a small, seashore town to a “full-pledge town.”

The English-speaking population in the area by 1864 was so great that Matamoros even had a newspaper printed in English—it was called the Matamoros Morning Call. In addition, the port exported cotton to England and France, where millions of people needed it for their daily livelihood, and it was possible to receive fifty cents per pound in gold for cotton when it cost about three cents in the Confederacy, “and much more money was received for it laid down in New York and European ports.”

Other sources mention that the port of Matamoros traded with London, Havana, Belize, and New Orleans. The Matamoros and New York City trade agreement, however, continued throughout the war and until 1864, and it was considered “heavy and profitable.”

By 1865, Matamoros was described as a prosperous town of 30,000 people, and Lew Wallace informed General Ulysses S. Grant that neither Baltimore nor New Orleans could compare itself to the growing commercial activity of Matamoros. Nevertheless, after the collapse of the Confederacy, “gloom, despondency, and despair” became evident in Matamoros—markets shut down, business almost ceased to exist, and ships were rarely seen. “For Sale” signs began to sprout up everywhere, and Matamoros returned to its role of a sleepy little border town across the Rio Grande.

The conclusion of the American Civil War brought a severe crisis to the now-abandoned Port of Bagdad, a crisis that to this day the port has never recovered from. In addition, a tremendous hurricane in 1889 destroyed the desolated port.

This same hurricane was one of the many hurricanes during the period of devastating hurricanes of 1870 to 1889, which reduced the population of Matamoros to nearly half its size, mounting with it another upsetting economic downturn.

French intervention

During the French intervention, the port of Baghdad was the scene of the Battle of Baghdad, where the Mexican army defeated the French army and its conservative allies.

Mexican Revolution

During the Mexican Revolution, the generals Francisco Mújica and Lucio Blanco executed the first agrarian reform for land in the country (1913). Consequently, in the years to come, Matamoros enjoyed another golden era during The Cotton Age, from 1948 to 1962.

This epoch placed Matamoros as the largest cotton producer and exporter in the country.

Modern era

Since the 1970s, and especially during the 1990s, after the initiation of the North American Free Trade Agreement, foreign investment has multiplied in Matamoros, resulting in an enormous population growth, prominently from other Mexican states, like San Luis Potosí and Veracruz.

Costa Azul Beach

Bagdad Beach (Playa Bagdad), also known as Lauro Villar Beach, is 27 km east of Matamoros, about 20 minutes in trajectory. At Playa Bagdad, important fishing tournaments are held each year, where participants from all over the state of Tamaulipas get together.

During Holy Week, the beach experiences an abundant presence of visitors, primarily from Nuevo León, when Playa Bagdad becomes the host of several concerts, sports tournaments, and festivals. In 2014, the mayor Leticia Salazar proposed to change the beach’s name to Costa Azul, about a song of the Matamoros native Rigo Tovar.

In 1985, during the yearly festival of ‘Festival del Mar,’ Rigo Tovar, along with other important attractions, played in Playa Bagdad.

Other second-tier bands like ‘La Firma’, ‘La Mira de Linares,’ and ‘La Leyenda,’ along with several other pop groups, have also played during April, the most visited period of the year. In addition, Playa Bagdad has several seafood restaurants.

Jet skis, surfing, and even motocross and off-road 4×4 racing are allowed with few area restrictions. In a single day during summer breaks, the number of visitors can get as high as 180,000.

Cultural attractions

Fortress of Casamata converted into Museum Casamata in 1970, was a bastion that now guards a fine collection of prehispanic figurines and artifacts dating from central historic moments: the Spanish colonist era, the Mexican War of Independence, and the contentious Mexican Revolution.

Unique and curious items are also exhibited, such as an iron casket where the remains of fearless General Canales once rested (fought against both American and French invasions) and the dark tunnels lounged beneath the construction, an inevitable reference for local horror stories. The existence of a multipurpose hall and newspaper library also provides extra interest to the museum.

The ‘Museo de Arte Contemporáneo de Tamaulipas (MACT),’ inaugurated in 1969, is the largest and most important art museum in the city, and one of the most memorable in the state of Tamaulipas.

Art and photo exhibitions are held yearlong at MACT. Artworks from Mexico City, Monterrey, New York City, Los Angeles, Milan, and Paris have been displayed at this museum.

The central ‘plaza’ in Matamoros is home to the Presidential Offices, the Cathedral of Nuestra Señora Villa del Refugio, and the Casino Matamorense, along with other historical buildings.

The ‘Teatro Reforma’, the most important theater in the city, is found a few blocks away. On 28 January 1829, the plaza was named after the heroic and historical figure Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, who fought in the Mexican War of Independence.

Moreover, the Cathedral of Nuestra Señora Villa del Refugio, constructed in 1831, was one of the first major constructions and is one of the present symbols of the city. Its neoclassical architecture, along with its rich, historical background, attracts visitors yearlong.

The Casino Matamorense, constructed in 1950, is traditionally considered the center of social gatherings for the principal families of Matamoros. Also with its unique architecture, Centro Cultural Olimpico, is a historical creation built in the city.

Nothing like it had been done before. And finally, the ‘Teatro Reforma,’ once considered the ‘House of the Opera of the 19th Century’, was constructed in 1861.

For decades, the theater was home to important balls held by the richest families of Matamoros and the high-ranking military officers of the state. In addition, ‘Teatro Reforma’ is well known for being the first place in history where the Mexican National Anthem was played.

On another note, Matamoros has a semi-arid climate, with mild winters, and hot, humid summers.

The city of Matamoros has a warm humid subtropical climate (Köppen climate, with mild winters, and hot, humid summers. Its proximity to the Gulf of Mexico accompanies cooler winds during the summers and winters, compared to its sister cities of Reynosa and Nuevo Laredo, which are farther inland.

Moreover, the climate of Matamoros is subtropical, with relatively low precipitation patterns distributed throughout the summer, and with summer temperatures ranging from 30 to 40 °C. Temperatures above 38 °C are very uncommon, just as the other extreme, where freezing temperatures during the winter are rarely seen as well.

Heavy rainfall is usually seen during July and August, although it is not uncommon to go about without any rain whatsoever during the rainy season. The average temperatures during the winters usually range around 0–10 °C; this season is usually attended with rain, drizzle, and fog.

The last snowfall was seen on 25 December 2004, which is the greatest snowfall ever recorded in the city, with up to 3.8 cm in one day. Despite its proximity to the humid Gulf Coast, the city is dry, receiving an average of 698 mm of precipitation annually.

The international exchange of goods and services between the U.S. and Mexico is seen in effect throughout Matamoros with the presence of its four international bridges. Matamoros is the only border city on the U.S.-Mexico border that has 4 international bridges.

Brownsville & Matamoros International Bridge (B&M):

It is popularly known as the “Old Bridge” or “Puente Viejo”, because of its original incarnation in 1904.

Gateway International Bridge:

Popularly known as the “New Bridge” or “Puente Nuevo.”

This bridge is located in downtown Matamoros, Mexico, and Brownsville, Texas, just a block away from the University of Texas at Brownsville. It is the most used international bridge for pedestrian crossings in the city.

Veterans International Bridge:

Commonly known as “Los Tomates Bridge”, this gateway is the largest and newest bridge in the Brownsville-Matamoros metropolitan area.

Free Trade International Bridge:

Commonly known as Los Indios Bridge, this international bridge crosses the Rio Grande, connecting the United States-Mexico border cities of Los Indios, Texas, and Matamoros, Tamaulipas.

Nuevo Laredo has a semi-arid climate influenced by the Chihuahuan Desert, the Sierra Madre Mountains, and the Gulf of Mexico. Mountains block most of the Pacific moisture, so most of the rain falls from the Gulf.

The rainy season lasts from April to October, with about 35-40 rainy days per year.

Nuevo Laredo experiences hot summers with average highs of 37°C and lows around 24°C. Winters are cooler compared to other parts of Tamaulipas, with daytime highs of 19°C and overnight lows near 6°C.

The best time to visit Nuevo Laredo

The best time to visit Nuevo Laredo is from November to March when temperatures are milder and more comfortable. During these months, daytime temperatures are pleasant, and nights are cool but not extreme.

Avoid summer months (June–August) unless you can handle intense heat.

If you don’t mind occasional rain, late spring and early fall can also be good options.

Nuevo Laredo was part of the territory of the original settlement of Laredo (now in Texas, USA). The settlement was founded in 1755 and was named Villa de San Agustin de Laredo after the Spanish town of Laredo.

The origin of the name of the original Spanish town of Laredo is unclear.

Some scholars say the name stems from “glaretum” (“sandy, rocky place”). Other ones state “Laredo” stems from a Basque word meaning “beautiful pastures”. Laredo might also stem from the Latin Larida which means gull.

In 1848, was founded Nuevo Laredo (“New Laredo”) after the end of the Mexican-USA war. The settlement was founded by Laredo families who wished to remain Mexican and moved to the Mexican side of the Rio Grande.

Nicknames of Nuevo Laredo are Chuparrosa (“Hummingbird”) and Puerta a México (“Door to Mexico”)

Pre-Hispanic Period

This area was home to nomadic indigenous tribes, the most notable being the Coahuiltecan people. They survived as hunter-gatherers, using tools made of stone and leather to adapt to the harsh environment.

Over time, Apaches and Comanches arrived in the region. To defend against these northern tribes, Spaniards established outposts and settlements, including Laredo, which would later lead to the creation of Nuevo Laredo.

Colonial Period

Nuevo Laredo was originally part of Laredo, Texas, which was founded in 1755. The land was granted by the King of Spain to José de Escandón, and the settlement remained intact until the Mexican-American War (1846-1848).

Independent Mexico and the Founding of Nuevo Laredo

In 1848, the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo divided Laredo, placing part of it under USA control and the other in Mexico.

On June 15, 1848, 17 families who wanted to remain Mexican citizens moved to the southern side of the Rio Grande and founded Nuevo Laredo. They even brought the remains of their ancestors so they could rest on Mexican soil.

By 1855, Nuevo Laredo had established an official customs office to manage trade and taxes along the border.

In 1858, a duty-free zone was created to help the city compete with U.S. markets. Trade between Mexico and the USA grew steadily, with Nuevo Laredo becoming a hub for cattle, gold, silver, and leather exports.

In 1881, the railway network was expanded, connecting Nuevo Laredo to central Mexico and San Antonio, Texas.

This led to economic growth, and in 1891, Nuevo Laredo officially became a city.

20th-Century Growth and Challenges

Throughout the 20th century, Nuevo Laredo was a major center for international trade.

The city saw rapid population growth, attracting people from across Mexico. Many government workers were relocated from Mexico City to manage customs operations at the international bridges, railways, and airports.

As the city expanded, development became uneven. The east side was limited by the Rio Grande, so expansion happened in the west. However, this area lacked resources and infrastructure, leading to poverty and crime.

In the 1980s and 1990s, local leaders worked to legalize informal settlements in the west, while in the 2000s and 2010s, efforts focused on paving roads and building schools. However, crime remained a challenge.

Nuevo Laredo has experienced organized crime conflicts. Its location makes it a key route for smuggling goods into the USA. Over the years, different cartels have fought for control, leading to violence and instability.

Nuevo Laredo remains an important trade and commercial hub between Mexico and the USA, with thousands of trucks crossing the border daily. It continues to grow and evolve as a key player in international commerce.

Nuevo Laredo’s economic importance is marked by one of Mexico’s Banderas Monuments, a designation given to monumental flags in key cities and state capitals. This landmark highlights economic and cultural significance.

Nuevo Laredo offers a variety of attractions for visitors.

Culture lovers can visit museums, and art galleries, including the city’s cultural center and historic sites. The Natural History Museum displays fossils and regional history, while the Reyes Mesa Museum showcases local artistic talent.

Outdoor enthusiasts can enjoy parks, a regional zoo, and recreational facilities like El Laguito, where visitors can go boating. Sports facilities include a golf course, stadiums, and multi-purpose arenas.

The vibrant Maclovio Herrera Market offers authentic Mexican crafts and delicacies, while historic buildings like the Old Customs House and the Clock Tower reflect the city’s rich past.

Cultural and Historical Attractions

• Centro Cultural
• Museo de Historia Natural
• Museo José Reyes Meza
• Estación Palabra Gabriel García Márquez
• Casa de la Cultura
• Edificio Antigua Aduana
• Museo Antiguo Banco Longoria
• Archivo Histórico Juan E. Richer
• Espacio de Artes y Oficios “Maquila Creativa”

Parks and Outdoor Spaces

• Parque Ecológico Viveros
• Parque Narciso Mendoza
• Parque Recreativo “El Laguito”
• Parque Morelos

Sports and Recreation

• Ciudad Deportiva
• Unidad Deportiva Benito Juárez
• Club Campestre Riviera del Bravo

Entertainment Venues

• Teatro del IMSS
• Teatro de la Ciudad “Adolfo López Mateos”
• Polyfórum Dr. Rodolfo Torre Cantú
• Plaza de Toros Lauro Luis Longoria

Other Landmarks and Monuments

• Reloj Público de la Plaza Hidalgo
• Mercado Maclovio Herrera
• Hotel Best Western Plus (the tallest building in Nuevo Laredo)
• Zoológico Regional

Nightlife in Nuevo Laredo

Nuevo Laredo’s nightlife offers a mix of energy and tradition. Cantinas and bars offer a relaxed environment where visitors can enjoy tequila, mezcal, and botanas while listening to traditional norteño or banda music.

For those looking to dance, nightclubs and discos stay open late, playing everything from reggaeton and cumbia to electronic beats. Live music is a big part of the scene, with many venues featuring local and regional bands.

Some venues even offer casino-style gambling, adding to the excitement.

For a one-day trip near Nuevo Laredo, you can explore a few charming destinations.

Laredo (on the USA side), offers a vibrant downtown with historic sites like San Agustin Plaza, and the Republic of the Rio Grande Museum. Visit Lake Casa Blanca State Park, which is perfect for fishing, boating, and hiking.

Paseo de los Laredos is a scenic road along the Rio Grande that connects both Laredo cities, with plenty of places to stop, rest, and enjoy the river views. You’ll pass landmarks and enjoy the charming mix of cultures in the area.

Mission San Francisco Javier is a historic Spanish mission site in the nearby small town of Ciudad Guerrero (on the Mexican side), which preserves centuries-old architecture and beautiful views of the surrounding landscape.

Mier is a small town located not far from Nuevo Laredo, is rich in history, and is known for its old architecture, colorful buildings, and proximity to the Rio Grande. Learn about its past and take in the peaceful atmosphere.

These destinations provide a quick escape just a short drive from Nuevo Laredo.

Nuevo Laredo offers a rich culinary experience, blending traditional Mexican flavors with influences from its neighboring Texas culture. The city is known for its vibrant food scene, which includes a mix of hearty meats, fresh seafood, and regional specialties.

Tacos – Tacos are a staple, and Nuevo Laredo offers a wide variety. You’ll find tacos de carne asada, al pastor, and barbacoa, all served with fresh toppings like cilantro, onions, and salsas. The tacos are often accompanied by a cold beverage, like a refreshing agua fresca.

Carne asada – As a border town, the influence of Texas-style BBQ is prominent. Carne asada is a grilled beef steak that is typically served with tortillas, beans, and guacamole, offering a savory, satisfying meal.

Cabrito – A traditional dish in Nuevo Laredo, cabrito (young goat) is slow-cooked over a grill or roasted. It’s a flavorful, tender dish typically served with rice, beans, and a spicy salsa.

Tamales – A beloved dish throughout Mexico, tamales in Nuevo Laredo are often filled with meats, cheese, or chiles, wrapped in corn husks, and steamed to perfection. During special occasions, you’ll find tamales served with mole sauce.

Ceviche – Given the proximity to the coast, seafood plays an important role in the cuisine. Ceviche is a refreshing dish made with fresh fish, shrimp, or scallops, marinated in lime juice and mixed with tomatoes, onions, cilantro, and avocado.

Baleadas – This Honduran-inspired dish, popular in Nuevo Laredo, features flour tortillas filled with beans, cheese, cream, and sometimes scrambled eggs or ground beef. It’s a perfect quick and hearty meal.

Street food – The city’s streets are lined with vendors offering delicious snacks like elote (grilled corn on the cob), gorditas (thick corn tortillas filled with a variety of fillings), and churros (fried dough coated in cinnamon and sugar).

In Nuevo Laredo, you’ll also find fusion dishes that combine traditional Mexican flavors with Texan BBQ influences, like brisket tacos and chili con carne. Dining in Nuevo Laredo is a blend of cultural flavors that create a memorable experience for any food lover.

Carnaval de Nuevo Laredo

This annual celebration is one of the most significant festivals in the city, taking place before Lent.

Carnival is a time of joy and revelry, with parades, colorful costumes, traditional music, and dancing. The streets come alive with floats, live performances, and the crowning of a Carnival Queen, creating an atmosphere of excitement and festivity.

Fiesta de la Virgen de San Juan de los Lagos

This religious festival, which celebrates the Virgin of San Juan de los Lagos, takes place every February.

Pilgrims from all over the region visit the church dedicated to the Virgin, asking for blessings and making offerings. The event includes religious ceremonies, processions, and cultural activities, drawing people from across the border.

Feria y Expo Feria de Nuevo Laredo

This event is a large fair that combines fun, food, and entertainment. It features amusement rides, games, live performances, music, and traditional dances. It’s an event that gathers the community to celebrate with food, drinks, and fun.

There are three bridges in the Nuevo Laredo area:

• International Bridge #1, the oldest bridge
• International Bridge #2, also known as Juarez-Lincoln (no pedestrians)
• International Bridge #3, also known as the Free Trade (“Libre Comercio Bridge”), was inaugurated in 1999 (cargo only)

Colombia-Solidarity Bridge is located about 32 km from the city.

Cross from Laredo, U.S. to Nuevo Laredo

There are 3 bridge crossings, but 1 of them is commercial only (24 hours opened).

Both regular traffic and city crossings are difficult for RVs and large vehicles. So if you have a large vehicle or are intimidated by traffic and little parking, the Colombia crossing about 32 km away to the North is for you.

By bus

From Monterrey: 3 hours
From Reynosa: from 3 to 4,5 hours

Airport

Nuevo Laredo is served by Quetzalcoatl Airport with daily flights to Mexico City.

Laredo International Airport in Laredo (on the USA side) has daily flights to Houston and Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport, three times weekly flights to Las Vegas, and twice weekly (from May to August) to Orlando.

…

Tampico has a tropical savanna climate, with an average temperature of 18 °C for January as well as precipitation patterns. Its weather, though reasonably pleasant in spring and autumn, is hot in the summer.

• The average high reaches 32°C in August, with an average low of 23°C.
• Winters are pleasantly cool, the average January high is 23°C and the average is 15°C.
• Tampico is an extremely humid city, rainfall is frequent from May through September.

Tampico is located among extensive wetlands adjacent to the Gulf of Mexico. During autumn and winter, it is affected by cold fronts that pass through the gulf and bring high winds that can reach 50 km/h with gusts of 70 to 80 km/h.

Tampico is also located in a hurricane area, but it has not been directly affected by 1 in more than 50 years.

On rare occasions, the city experiences surprisingly low temperatures for its zone, during late January and early February 2011, a cold wave caused temperatures to drop to 10°C, with the lowest being 2°C in the morning and noon of 4 February.

In February 1895, snow was reported to have fallen in Tampico. This is the North American record for the furthest south report of snow at a coastal location and makes Tampico one of the few places where snow has fallen in the tropics at sea level.

The best time to visit Tampico

The ideal time to visit Tampico largely depends on your preferences. If you prefer milder weather and fewer crowds, consider planning your trip during the dry season, from November to April.

During this period, you can enjoy outdoor activities like exploring the city’s historic center, strolling along the waterfront Malecón, or visiting local beaches without worrying about heavy rain.

On the other hand, if you’re a fan of lush greenery and don’t mind occasional rain, the wet season offers a different charm. The vegetation is at its prime during these months, and you’ll find Tampico’s natural beauty in full bloom.

In conclusion, Tampico is a diverse and vibrant city with a rich cultural and natural heritage. Its strategic location, unique geography, and contrasting climate seasons make it a year-round destination for travelers.

“Tampico” is of Huastec origin – “tam-piko” – meaning “place of otters” (“water dogs”).

There have been successive human settlements in the area for centuries. The region had several early Huastec settlements, among them the important site at Las Flores, which flourished between 1000 and 1250.

In 1532, during the Spanish colonial period, the Franciscan priest Andrés de Olmos established a mission and monastery in the area, building over a former Huastec village.

At his request, Spanish officials founded a settlement named San Luis de Tampico in 1554.

This site was abandoned in 1684 and the population relocated to the south of the Pánuco River because of frequent attacks by European and American pirates. The area was abandoned for nearly 150 years.

The present Mexican city was founded on April 13, 1823, on the north bank of the Pánuco River about 10 km from the Gulf, after Mexico achieved independence from Spain.

Tampico built its economy on the exportation of silver; business development was mostly as a trading center and market town of an agricultural region. The town also became a common waypoint for the re-routing of African slaves to be illegally smuggled into the Southern United States, which had outlawed the international slave trade in 1807.

In August 1829, Spain sent troops from Cuba to invade Tampico to regain control of the region, but in September, General Antonio López de Santa Anna forced the Spanish troops to surrender, and Mexican control of Tampico was re-established.

20th century to present

During the period of Mexico’s first oil boom in the early 20th century, the city was the “chief oil-exporting port of the Americas” and the 2nd-busiest in the world, yielding profits that were invested in the city’s famous architecture, often compared to that of Venice and New Orleans.

The first oil well in Mexico was drilled near Tampico in 1901 at Ébano.

In 1923, the major oil field dried up, leading to an exodus of jobs and investments, but economic development in other areas made the city a pioneer in the aviation and soda industries.

The city is also a major exporter of silver, copper, and lumber, as well as wool, hemp, and other agricultural products. Containerized cargo is mainly handled by the neighboring ocean port of Altamira.

The first oil well in Mexico was drilled near Tampico at Ébano S.L.P. in 1901, by Californian Edward Doheny, who founded Mexican Petroleum Corporation. In the early 20th century, there was extensive U.S. investment in oil development in Tampico, with a sizable United States expatriate community developing in relation to the industry.

With the outbreak of the Mexican Revolution, which lasted roughly from 1910 to 1920, the U.S. monitored the situation to protect its citizens and investments. Doheny sold some of his businesses to the Standard Oil Company which operated its monopoly here.

The oil-producing area was so productive it was called the “Golden Belt”.

The oil fields known as Ébano, Pánuco, Huasteca, and Túxpan are all situated within a 160-kilometre radius of the city.

Oil was often shipped on barges along the rivers. To improve the transportation of oil to the port, the government built the Chijol Canal, beginning in 1901. It is 1.8 m deep and 7.6 m wide and runs 120 km southward through the oil fields to Túxpan.

During the Mexican Revolution, on April 9, 1914, 10 Mexican troops and nine U.S. Navy sailors from the USS Dolphin confronted each other in a failure to communicate as U.S. forces tried to get fuel supplies.

General Victoriano Huerta’s forces in the city were threatened by different groups from both north and south.

The Americans were arrested and later freed, but the U.S. resented Huerta’s demands for some recognition. In the resulting Tampico Affair, the U.S. sent naval and marine forces into Veracruz and occupied the city for seven months in a show of force.

Due to resulting anti-American demonstrations on each coast, other U.S. Navy ships were used to evacuate some American citizens to refugee camps in southern U.S. cities.

The U.S. occupation contributed to the downfall of Huerta, and Venustiano Carranza became president. He ensured that Mexico maintained neutrality during World War I, in part due to lingering animosity against the U.S. for these actions.

In the 1970s, Tampico annexed the port city and suburb of Ciudad Madero, which now comprises part of the Tampico metropolitan area. Tampico has a modern port with excellent facilities, as well as rail and air connections to Mexico City and the United States.

The Mexican government nationalized the oil industry in 1939 and has maintained that for 75 years.

In November 2014, President Enrique Peña Nieto announced a policy change of ending Pemex’s monopoly and inviting private companies back into the oil and gas industry. While analysts believe the largest finds are likely to be offshore, new techniques may yield oil even at mature fields such as those of Tampico.

In early 2015, the government planned to accept bids on 169 blocks, 47 of which are within 110 km of Tampico.

It is expected that smaller companies will be active in the mature fields, such as those in this region. This area has extensive shale oil deposits, and the “U.S. Energy Information Administration estimates that Mexico has the world’s eighth-largest shale oil resources.”

Tampico’s downtown architecture is an eclectic mix, reflecting the growth of the city during the Porfiriato (the period of rule by President and dictator Porfirio Díaz).

During the oil boom of the first decades of the 20th century, much “grandiose” architecture was built, inviting comparisons with Venice, Italy, and New Orleans in the United States.

Many buildings feature wrought-iron balconies (in the 20th century, these were mostly built of English cast iron).

Similar balconies are characteristic of the French and Spanish-influenced architecture in New Orleans. Some of the balconies in Plaza de la Libertad bear the original plaques showing their manufacture at the Derbyshire forge of Andrew Handyside and Company.

Notable buildings include the neoclassical Town Hall in Plaza de Armas and the English redbrick Customs House in the docks.

The prevalence of New Orleans-style architecture is attributed to the oil boom years.

Not only was there money to spend, but many building supplies, including pre-built housing components, were shipped from New Orleans to this area during that period of rapid development.

The historical downtown areas of Plaza de Armas and Plaza de Libertad have been restored and improved in recent years to emphasize their historic appeal, in part to encourage more heritage tourism.

The Cathedral of Tampico, also known as the Temple of the Immaculate Conception.

It is located in Plaza de Armas, and dates to the late 19th century. It has undergone several restorations. It is of the neoclassical style in light brown canter, with Corinthian-style columns and three enormous doors that form the entrance.

Its two towers are made of three bodies. The eastern one has a large, London-made, public chiming clock, a gift from Don Angel Sainz Trapaga. Its recently refurbished interior holds several wall paintings and other works of art.

The altar is of white Carrara marble.

The United States oil tycoon Edward Doheny of California, who drilled the first oil well in Mexico near Tampico, donated substantial funds for the Cathedral’s construction and maintenance after 1902 when he based his Mexican oil operations in Tampico.

Seafood is important in the city. The locals are informally known as Jaibas (crabs), and the crab emblem is seen in many places, from sports logos to the sides of buses to park benches.

• American writer Joseph Hergesheimer’s 1926 novel Tampico tells a tale of USA expatriates living in the city.
• “Tampico” is the title of a 1945 song composed by Allan Roberts and Doris Fisher and produced by jazz musician and conductor Stan Kenton, with lead vocals by June Christy. Roberts suggested in his song that the city had become more American than the U.S. itself.
• American director John Huston set the opening scenes of his 1948 motion picture epic The Treasure of the Sierra Madre in Tampico.
• American singer Jimmy Buffett wrote the song “Tampico Trauma” about experiences in the city.
• Episode 33 of the U.S. television series Maverick is set in the city and titled “Escape to Tampico”.
• The novel Tampico’s Gold by Elizabeth Braun describes Tampico in poetic detail.
• Tampico is the name of a popular brand of juice concentrates, carbonated beverages, and iced teas based in the United States.
• Tampico is mentioned in the song “Le général a dit” (“The general has said”) recorded by French singer-songwriter Joe Dassin.
• “Tampico” is a 1975 song by Swedish singer-songwriter Eddie Meduza, from his first album, Errol.
• Tampico is a key setting in Country of the Bad Wolfes, a 2012 historical novel by James Carlos Blake.

The metropolitan area of Tampico, Ciudad Madero, and Altamira is served by General Francisco Javier Mina International Airport (IATA airport code: TAM), which is located in the northern part of the city of Tampico.

Tampico Airport has international daily flights to the USA.

Tampico also has excellent railway facilities serving the port, which is well-developed with warehouses and equipment for loading oil tankers. Major roads connect to the Pan-American Highway.

Victoria is located 316 metres (1,037 ft) above sea level.

The city is in a valley between two mountain ranges: the Sierra Madre Oriental to the west and the Sierra de Tamaulipas to the east.

Climate

Victoria has short mild winters and long hot summers. Temperatures rarely drop below 0 °C (32 °F) — the lowest recorded temperature was −6 °C (21 °F) and the hottest was 48.5 °C (119.3 °F), one of the highest temperatures ever recorded in Mexico.

The average annual precipitation is 700 millimeters (28 in). Half of this amount falls between May and September, although there is a drying trend in July.

Its climate classification is humid subtropical, its moderate elevation adds to overall precipitation pattern. Exceptionally heavy rains brought by occasional North Atlantic tropical cyclones also influence the overall climate and precipitation amounts.

Ciudad Victoria was founded on October 6, 1750 with the name Villa de Santa María de Aguayo by José de Escandón y Helguera.

On April 20, 1825, the town was elevated to the status of city, and was given its current name in honor of the first president of Mexico, Guadalupe Victoria.

Toward the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century, the city began undergoing a number of modernizing changes.

In 1890, a railroad was completed that passed through Ciudad Victoria on its route between Monterrey and Tampico.

Several major highways were also completed during the 20th century.

Several monuments and structures were built during the 19th and early 20th century, including a bronze statue of Benito Juárez on July 18, 1897, the Juárez Theater in 1899, and on September 15, 1910, a monument to the heroes of the independence of Mexico.

In 1896, the first children’s garden/playground (kindergarten) in Latin America was established in the city by Estefanía Castañeda Núñez de Cáceres.

The city is served by General Pedro J. Méndez International Airport, located 18 kilometers (11 mi) from the city center.

You can dial 078 from any phone, where you can find free information about tourist attractions, airports, travel agencies, car rental companies, embassies and consulates, fairs and exhibitions, hotels, hospitals, financial services, migratory and other issues.

Or dial the toll-free (in Mexico) number 01-800-006-8839.

You can also request information to the email correspondencia@sectur.gob.mx

MORE EMERGENCY NUMBERS:

General Information: 040 (not free)

National Emergency Service: 911

Radio Patrols: 066
Police (Emergency): 060
Civil Protection: +52(55)5683-2222
Anonymous Complaint: 089

Setravi (Transport Mobility): +52(55)5209-9913
Road Emergency: 074

Cruz Roja: 065 o +52(55)5557-5757
Firefighters: 068 o +52(55)5768-3700

You can dial 078 from any phone, where you can find free information about tourist attractions, airports, travel agencies, car rental companies, embassies and consulates, fairs and exhibitions, hotels, hospitals, financial services, migratory and other issues.

Or dial the toll-free (in Mexico) number 01-800-006-8839.

You can also request information to the email correspondencia@sectur.gob.mx

MORE EMERGENCY NUMBERS:

General Information: 040 (not free)

National Emergency Service: 911

Radio Patrols: 066
Police (Emergency): 060
Civil Protection: +52(55)5683-2222
Anonymous Complaint: 089

Setravi (Transport Mobility): +52(55)5209-9913
Road Emergency: 074

Cruz Roja: 065 o +52(55)5557-5757
Firefighters: 068 o +52(55)5768-3700