State of Durango – Mexican Routes https://mexicanroutes.com Best Travel Destinations & Tourist Guide in Mexico Fri, 04 Oct 2024 00:01:10 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://mexicanroutes.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/cropped-MexicanRoutes_fav-150x150.png State of Durango – Mexican Routes https://mexicanroutes.com 32 32 Exploring the Northern Region of Mexico https://mexicanroutes.com/exploring-the-northern-region-of-mexico/ Fri, 04 Oct 2024 00:00:15 +0000 https://mexicanroutes.com/?p=18448 While Mexico is often associated with warm, sunny destinations filled with sandy beaches, cenote diving, and tropical vibes, the northern region of Mexico offers a completely different yet equally captivating experience.

The northern states of Mexico offer a unique combination of stunning landscapes, from vast deserts to snow-capped mountains, that showcase a different side of Mexico – rugged, adventurous, and contrasting.

If you’re seeking an off-the-beaten-path journey filled with unexpected landscapes, northern Mexico is the perfect destination to explore. The northern routes of Mexico are a trail through the arid deserts and highlands.

Northern routes cut through the deserts, rugged terrains, and mountainous regions of northern Mexico, encompassing the states of Chihuahua, Coahuila, Durango, Nuevo León, Sinaloa, Sonora, and Tamaulipas.

For some reason, the states of Baja California and Baja California Sur are often also considered as part of Northern Mexico due to their geographic location, despite their distinct landscapes and cultural attributes.

A Land of Deserts, Mountains, and Adventure

Northern Mexican regions showcase some of the most contrasting natural environments in the country, ranging from the arid landscapes of the Chihuahuan Desert to the snow-tipped peaks of the Sierra Madre Occidental.

Northern regions of Mexico promise an unforgettable journey. This beautiful but less-explored side of Mexico provides a unique mix of adventure, vibrant culture, and natural wonders waiting to be discovered.

Best time to visit Northern Mexico

While the northern region of Mexico can be visited year-round, each season offers unique experiences.

  • In summer, desert regions can become hot.
  • In winter, snowfall is possible in elevated areas.
  • Spring and fall (autumn) are ideal for hiking and exploring.

Plan your adventure now and explore the beauty of northern Mexico!

Places to Visit and Things to Do in Northern Mexico

These northern states showcase the lesser-known side of Mexico, offering unforgettable adventures through stunning natural wonders, vibrant culture, and rich history.

Sonora is a vast northern region of arid beauty, offering a striking contrast between its expansive deserts and coastal area, where travelers can explore everything from massive dunes to stunning, serene beaches.

  • Gran Desierto de Altar
  • Pinacate Biosphere Reserve
  • Sea of Cortez Coastline

Chihuahua is renowned for its vast desert landscapes and rugged mountain ranges, a stunning natural wonder offering adventurous travelers amazing scenic views, hiking trails, and the famous Chepe train journey.

  • Copper Canyon (Barranca del Cobre)
  • Sierra Tarahumara
  • Paquimé Archaeological Zone

Coahuila is a diverse region known for its vast deserts, unique ecosystems, and historic mining towns such as Parras de la Fuente and Real de Catorce, where visitors can explore vineyards, mystical landscapes, and rich history.

  • Cuatro Ciénegas Biosphere Reserve
  • Real de Catorce
  • Parras de la Fuente

Nuevo León is a state renowned for its rugged Sierra Madre Oriental mountains, offering vibrant outdoor activities like hiking, rock climbing, and exploring natural wonders and the scenic Cola de Caballo waterfall.

  • Cumbres de Monterrey National Park
  • Cola de Caballo Waterfall
  • Chipinque Ecological Park

Tamaulipas invites outdoor enthusiasts to explore its remarkable natural diversity, stunning coastal wetlands along the Gulf of Mexico, lush subtropical forests, and rugged mountain ranges in the Sierra Madre Oriental.

  • El Cielo Biosphere Reserve
  • Playa Miramar
  • Soto la Marina River

Sinaloa offers a captivating blend of coastal beauty and rich cultural heritage, with its stunning beaches along the Pacific Ocean, lush valleys, vibrant cities, delicious cuisine, lively music scene, and deep-rooted traditions.

  • Mazatlán
  • Las Labradas
  • El Fuerte

Durango boasts a striking blend of deserts, majestic mountains, and lush forests that have graced numerous films. This diverse terrain offers hiking, rock climbing, and exploring nowadays abandoned mining towns.

  • Zona del Silencio
  • Sierra Madre Occidental
  • Old West Film Sets

Baja California is renowned for its stunning desert landscapes and breathtaking coastal beauty. This dynamic region offers a unique blend of all kinds of outdoor adventures, rich cultural experiences, and delicious cuisine.

  • Valle de Guadalupe
  • Ensenada
  • Sierra de San Pedro Mártir National Park

Baja California Sur is known for its beaches, marine life, and landscapes where the desert meets the ocean. The region offers snorkeling, whale watching, and hiking, alongside opportunities to relax on its sandy shores.

  • Cabo San Lucas
  • La Paz
  • Loreto

Plan your trip now and explore the hidden gems of Northern Mexico!

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Lerdo https://mexicanroutes.com/lerdo/ Mon, 14 May 2018 22:16:41 +0000 http://mexicanroutes.com/?p=3363 Ciudad Lerdo (Lerdo City) is a small city in the northeastern portion of the Mexican state of Durango. It serves as the municipal seat for the surrounding municipality of the same name.

The city Lerdo is named after Miguel Lerdo de Tejada.

As of 2010, the city of Lerdo had a population of 80 thousand.
Lerdo Municipality had a population of 141 thousand.

The municipality has an area of 1,868.8 km² (721.5 sq mi).
It is part of a greater metropolitan area that includes Torreón Municipality and Matamoros Municipality in Coahuila, as well as Gómez Palacio Municipality in Durango.

The city is lush with vegetation, but has an arid climate.
Ciudad Lerdo is known for its parks, gardens, and ice cream made with fresh milk from local dairies.

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Gómez Palacio https://mexicanroutes.com/gomez-palacio/ Sun, 15 Oct 2017 17:36:26 +0000 http://mexicanroutes.com/?p=1560 Gómez Palacio is a city and its surrounding municipality in northeastern Durango, Mexico, adjacent to the border of the state of Coahuila. The city is named in honor of former Durango governor, Francisco Gómez Palacio y Bravo.

As of 2010, the city of Gómez Palacio had a population of 327,985, up from 304,515 as of 2005, making it the state’s second-largest community. The municipality (including the city) population was 327,985.

The municipality’s area is 990.2 square kilometres (382.3 sq mi). The municipality and city are part of a large metropolitan area, which includes Torreón Municipality and Matamoros Municipality in Coahuila, as well as Lerdo Municipality in Durango. The metropolitan area had an official population of 1,215,817 persons in 2010.

History

From the first half of the seventeenth century, the land within the triangle formed by San Juan de Casta (now Leon Guzman), Santiago de Mapimí (Mapimí) and Santa Maria de las Parras (Parras), formed part of the property of the Marquis of Aguayo and named Hacienda de San Lorenzo de la Laguna.

In 1848, after several modifications, the lands were purchased by Juan Ignacio Jimenez, from Cuencame. The purchase included the entrance of the river Nazas (Cañon de Calbazas), where he built Calbazas Dam and a system of canals and ditches to irrigate the lands of the Haciendas of Sacramento, Noé, Santa Rosa, Torreón and San Ignacio.

In 1880, his successors sold these properties to one of his managers, Spanish farmer Santiago Lavín Cuadra. In 1885, Lavín drafted the blocks that would be the beginning of the city. He created a public square in Hidalgo Street (now Independencia) and offered free land to those who agreed to plant trees to give the region a different look. The first deed was recorded September 15, 1885, now considered the city’s founding date. Lavín named the town in honor of Francisco Gomez Palacio for his many achievements as governor, federal deputy, Secretary of the Interior and as an official in the government of Benito Juárez.

The city was officially recognized by the State Congress December 21, 1905, by decree number 60.

Early industries

On June 25, 1887, a legal society was formed that gave rise to La Jabonera (The Soap), considered the city’s most important industry. Another company was the spinning and weaving La Amistad (Friendship) that received a land grant to set up their factory. Another was La Union (The Union), a shoe factory that became successful enough to compete with imported European and U.S. premium brands.

Economy

Upon founding the city, Cuadra ceded land to the Mexican Central Railroad so that it could build a roundhouse and workshops, with the aim of expanding it to an entire railroad terminal. In 1907, a U.S. company transferred its Jimulco facilities to Gómez Palacio and terminals for passenger and cargo trains were established. Over time, about 2,000 workers arrived. The trains were operated by U.S. personnel, who gradually trained Mexican workers to operate the trains. Mexican workers occupied vacancies left by departing Americans and by 1910, all positions were filled by Mexicans.

The city became one of the largest railroad centers in the country, boosting the already thriving development. The outbreak of the revolutionary struggle caused the closure of many industries and businesses, especially affecting manual laborers. For many years, the railroad was the mainstay of the local economy. The roundhouse, workshops and terminals were changed to Torreon, Coahuila.

The installation of the Francke power plant in 1930 gave considerable impetus to industrialization.

The first agricultural strike in the region occurred June 11, 1935, in the Hacienda of Manila, multiplying effects in other estates that resulted in the issuance of the decree of October 6, 1936, by which General Lázaro Cárdenas initiated the distribution of land to laborers throughout the Comarca Lagunera.

As the busiest economy in the region and state, the city contributed nearly 45% of GDP along with Ciudad Lerdo and over 55% with Laguna Region of Durango. Gómez Palacio hosts several industrial parks, including the newer Park Gómez Palacio Americas, Harrier Industrial Park with 588 companies and the Zone of International Connectivity, Laguna for international trade.

Tourist Assistance + Emergency Numbers

You can dial 078 from any phone, where you can find free information about tourist attractions, airports, travel agencies, car rental companies, embassies and consulates, fairs and exhibitions, hotels, hospitals, financial services, migratory and other issues.

Or dial the toll-free (in Mexico) number 01-800-006-8839.

You can also request information to the email correspondencia@sectur.gob.mx

MORE EMERGENCY NUMBERS:

General Information: 040 (not free)

National Emergency Service: 911

Radio Patrols: 066
Police (Emergency): 060
Civil Protection: +52(55)5683-2222
Anonymous Complaint: 089

Setravi (Transport Mobility): +52(55)5209-9913
Road Emergency: 074

Cruz Roja: 065 o +52(55)5557-5757
Firefighters: 068 o +52(55)5768-3700

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Mapimí https://mexicanroutes.com/mapimi/ Tue, 10 Oct 2017 23:52:58 +0000 http://mexicanroutes.com/?p=1342 Mapimí is a city and municipal seat of the municipality of Mapimí in the Mexican state of Durango. Mapimi is an outstanding “Magical Town”, given its fierce history and location in the middle of an inhospitable desert.

Be surprised with every step you take, listen to the wood of the Ojuela hanging bridge as it creaks under your feet and the wind as it howls through the hundred-meter-deep gorge and whispers the secrets of the people and the mining center into your ear while looking at the verdant mountains that complete this imposing structure.

Step into the Rosario Caves and discover the Bolson Biosphere Reserve; a surprising natural area recognized by UNESCO, which is home to many different endemic species such as the Bolson tortoise, pale hawk, and bura deer.

Feel the enigmatic mystery that surrounds the Zone of Silence, the desert and dune sands will cause your eyes will marvel at the marine fossils, cacti in violet tones, and stones that locals say are actually meteorites that bring with them the history of the universe.

History

The small and historic town of Mapimí served various local mines.

The indigenous Tepehuan Indians called this place “the rock on the hill” and repeatedly thwarted the attempts of Jesuit missionaries to found a town here, but the thirst for gold won in the end.

It is rumored that gold was even found under the town’s streets. A small museum houses mementos and photos from the old days showing just how prosperous this mining town once was.

One handbook to gem collecting in Mexico describes Mapimí as the “mineral collector’s capital of Mexico”. This is the place for the geologist in the group to find plenty of inexpensive agates, selenite crystals, calcite, and other minerals.

Like seemingly every town in this region of Mexico, Mapimí boasts that both Miguel Hidalgo, the Father of Mexican Independence, and Benito Juárez, the President of Indian blood, passed by in the nineteenth century. Juárez even stayed overnight.

Access to one of the local mining areas, about 10 km outside the town is via the Ojuela suspension bridge, a masterpiece of engineering. Ruined stone houses on the hillsides tell of Ojuela’s former wealth.

Ore was first discovered here in 1598. By 1777, seven haciendas de beneficio (enrichment plants) served thirteen different mines. In 1848, the Spanish mine owners gave up their struggle to make the mines pay and a Mexican company took over.

In 1892 they decided to attack the hillside opposite Ojuela. To shortcut the approach, engineer Santiago Minguin spanned the gorge with a 315-meter-long suspension bridge, said by some to be the third longest in Latin America.

The mine’s production peaked just after the Mexican Revolution. Between 1922 and 1925, 687 kilograms of gold and 99,820 kilos of silver were extracted, alongside more than 51 million kilos of lead and a million kilos of copper. At that time, some 3000 miners celebrated every evening in the bars of Ojuela, now completely abandoned to the elements.

The bridge, restored for its centenary, is a worthy contribution to tourism in Durango state. One and a half meters wide, it sways and bounces in the breeze, probably scaring mums and dads into silent concentration faster than their excited children!

But the local miners and their mineral-laden donkeys rattle across the planks as if it were a highway.

Once across the bridge, old timers will take you on a one-kilometer walk along mine galleries (unlit except for hand-held miners’ lamps) which completely traverse the mountain to emerge into daylight on the far side.

Mapimí Silent Zone

Not far from Mapimí is the internationally famous “Zone of Silence”, the Mapimí Biosphere Reserve, the claimed merits of which are much discussed.

The Mapimí Silent Zone is the popular name for a desert patch near the Bolsón de Mapimí in Durango, Mexico, overlapping the Mapimí Biosphere Reserve. It is the subject of an urban myth that claims it is an area where radio signals and any type of communication cannot be received.

However, communications equipment tends to work properly in the zone. Guides assert that the zone moves around; as a result, locals are highly skeptical of the zone’s existence.

History

In July 1970, an Athena test missile launched from a U.S. military base near Green River, Utah toward White Sands Missile Range lost control and fell in the Mapimí Desert region. The rocket was carrying two small containers of cobalt 57, a radioactive element commonly associated with the construction of Salted bombs.

After several weeks of searching, local farmers found and reported the crash in the Northeast corner of the State of Durango. Once the rocket was found, a road was built to transport the wreckage, along with a small amount of contaminated topsoil.

Legend

As a result of the US Air Force recovery operations there, a number of myths and stories relating to the area arose, including “strange magnetic anomalies that prevent radio transmission”, mutations of flora and fauna, and extraterrestrial visitations.

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La Ferrería https://mexicanroutes.com/la-ferreria/ Mon, 02 Oct 2017 11:15:10 +0000 http://mexicanroutes.com/?p=1144 La Ferrería is an archaeological site located 7 kilometers south of the City of Durango, in the state of Durango, México, at the “Cerro de La Ferrería”, on the side of the Tunal River.

In the surrounding region mainly are Mesquite and Aloe, the fauna comprises hares, rabbits, foxes, coyotes, squirrel and lizards.

The first inhabitants of this region were Nahua, nomads from the North of the continent, two thousand years ago. During the postclassical period the city was occupied by Zacatecas people and their contemporaries tepehuanos, from the southeast of the Guadiana Valley up to “Nombre de Dios”.

La Ferrería was first inhabited by a group that basically subsisted from farming corn, beans and squash, and were hunter-gatherers to complete their diet; because of its proximity to the Tunal river, it is assumed that hunting and fishing were common activities. It has been detected that the site was occupied several times between 875 and 1450 CE.

The site includes archaeological finds such as: circular ritual spaces, bird bones and stone rings, that provide indications of ties with cultures of the American southwest and especially with Paquimé, which could hypothetically mean or suggest a fusion between late northern Mesoamerican cultures and the American southwest.

Background

The first settlers who were in La Ferrería are known as the Nahuas who were in her in the 600 A.D. and they migrated from around North America. Also from 600 C.E. to 1450 C.E. the tribes who were in this place where known as the Zacatecan and Tepehuano Indian tribes. The Ferrería was also known as a place where people meet to have a religious gathering where they built pyramids, places of worship and houses. Also in 2007 a museum near La Ferrería was remodeled and it contains archaeological artifacts that have been discovered there for people to go see.

This broad area represents the natural corridor that the Sierra Madre Occidental offered to the Toltec and Nahuatlaca tribes, both of whom took advantage of the large accidental stone conformations to survive in the wilderness of the territory. The new formations formed as the only security for the tribes that moved among Northern Mexico and the Valley of Anahuac, eventually becoming a home-state for these tribes who then began to form small communities, united by language and region.

The Huichol, Cora, and Tarahumara Tepehuanos incorporated perfectly distinct nations, each with evident sedentary purposes, and a strong family structure, all whilst setting aside the bellicose attitude of the Chichimec tribe of the center of the then-current Republic. The exceptions were the Acaxee, Humas, and Xiximes who were constantly at war but always on the look-out for final settlements in the region of the Quebradas.

On the east bank of the state a longitudinal zone can be found, that extends from the current state of Zacatecas to the la Laguna area between the entities of Durango and Coahuila. The “Indios Laguneros” (Laguna Indians) traveled interchangeably between this area, they were characterized by their rebellious attitude, instability, religious customs and for being hunters and gatherers. These Natives of which so little was recorded were the first inhabitants of the region long before they were exterminated by the Spanish colonists. Today, only a few remain of the Tepehuanos, Huicholes, Coras and Tarahumara tribes.

There is an opinion which assumes that Mesoamerican cultures would have migrated northward. Hence Oasisamerica would be a branch of neighboring southerners. In that regard, the development of Oasisamerican cultures, such as those from northern Mesoamerica, would have been related to groups originally inhabiting western Mexico. Archaeological evidence suggests an affiliation with uto-nahua groups would have taken agriculture to the Oasisamerican region. Although agricultural techniques were imported from the south, Oasisamerican villages built a civilization with particular characteristics, that maintained relations with Mesoamerica farmers.

Must remember that Durango is at the south border of the Mogollon – Anasazi cultures influence area

Site Investigation

Spanish exploration began in 1531 with the Nuño de Guzmán expedition. In the following decades, especially under the command of Francisco de Ibarra, several settlements were founded in the territory and further north of the city of Zacatecas, when silver deposits were discovered. Ibarra named the new area Nueva Vizcaya in honor of his native land Biscay (one of the Basque historical territories). Nueva Vizcaya included the current states of Chihuahua and Durango, as well as certain areas of eastern Sonora and Sinaloa and southeast of Coahuila. The region fell under the legal jurisdiction of the “Royal Guadalajara Audiencia”.

The first scientific news on this site was in 1948, by American anthropologist Alden Mason; four years later Charles Kelley, with a group of students from University of Chicago, started initial research work, from which he removed multiple archaeological pieces and prepared three essays.

The final disposition of archaeological material is unknown; however these were used by Kelley to establish occupation periods and site characterization. A proposed occupation between 800 to 1450 CE, was established, and its possible affiliation with the Chalchihuites culture, Guadiana branch.

After Kelley research, the site was abandoned by the authorities for 40 years, with the consequent destruction and looting by professional dealers of archaeological pieces.

Since 1993 there has been a few sporadic investigations.

The Site

The site has traces of at least two human groups occupation in the past, a nomad group that inhabited the site originally and a second group, sedentary, that built the larger structures on the hill.

The site occupation is related to Chalchihuites culture,that had its most important site in Altavista in the Zacatecas state, formed part of a branch called Guadiana, that reached up to El Zape, in the north of the state.

The cultural group that inhabited La Ferrería basically subsisted farming corn, beans and squash, and were hunter-gatherers.

Structures

There are important archaeological complexes, among them: circular ritual spaces, eastern pyramidal structure, ballgame court, columns and sunken patios.

Casa de la estructuras escalonadas

The “stepped structures house” Is a small set with a sunken patio, characteristic detailed of prehispanic construction in the region; There are platforms on three sides of the patio, built with stone and clay, probably as a foundation of other ancient structures. Grinding activities were made in this area.

Casa de los dirigentes

It is thought that the “Governor’s House” structure had residential uses, has a sunken patio carved in large rocks. There are remains of buildings perimeter as well as original drains.

Just as other structures, platforms surround it, probably foundations of houses made with tree trunk columns and grass roofs. These buildings are adjacent to the columns hall and the small house.

Sala de las columnas

The “columns hall” are remnants of a small platform made of stone with large cylindrical columns, probably a meeting place, possibly ritual character.

Casa colonial

The “colonial house” is next to the columns hall, are the foundations of a small, rustic house possibly colonial; It is a single room house, with evidence of metal foundry.

Casa con piso de piedra

The “house with stone floors” is located at the top, it is necessary to climb the hill over an original pathway. There are two fixed mortars, probably from a nomadic group occupation, possibly reused by the later farmers groups.

At the House, at the middle of the slope is a small sunken patio, one side was carved into the rock forming two walls and the floor. In one corner is a fixed mortar.

Casa de los sacerdotes

The “Priests House” has remains of houses layout, a cistern and several drainage channels of a pyramidal basement, probably a temple support, this structure is austere; had stairs and ramps, as well as a small sunken patio in the top.

Ballgame court

It is one of the most damaged structures at the site; it comprises two stone parallel walls, of a construction that seems to be a ritual ballgame court. There are stone two stools inside, a platform, probably of large dimensions.

Petroglyphs

There are two large engraved rocks:

One of them depicts a small image that represents a priest with the arms high and wears a ceremonial ornament with antlers. The rock was partially polished and is the focal point of a small area dedicated to the cult, maybe considered the place of protective deities.

The second is located at the foot of the hill, it is very deteriorated, a hunting scene can be identified, a man with a bow, associated with two mammals.

Others Objects

Several objects were found on the site: pieces of ceramic, complete lithic pieces such as arrowheads, axes and mortars.

Site Museum

The Museum was inaugurated in 2000. Has two exhibition halls of archaeological materials from La Ferrería, the chalchihuites culture, from the ritual everyday life, relations with other peoples and the archaeological work in the area.

There is ceramic with abstract decorations, Catalan-style red band and some ceramic boxes. Large pots which served for burials and Obsidian knives.

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Durango https://mexicanroutes.com/durango/ Wed, 07 Jun 2017 20:40:08 +0000 http://mexicanroutes.com/?p=648 Durango, officially Victoria de Durango and also known as Ciudad de Durango, is the capital and largest city of the Mexican state of Durango and holds significant historical and cultural importance.

Durango is the municipal seat of Durango Municipality. The municipality has a relatively large land area of 10,041 square km and includes outlying communities such as El Nayar and Cinco de Mayo.

The city’s architecture reflects its historical importance. A mix of colonial and modern buildings creates a charming and unique atmosphere. The historic downtown area features cobblestone streets, colonial-era churches, and plazas.

Durango is a city that blends history, culture, and natural beauty. Its unique geography, architectural heritage, and welcoming atmosphere make it a destination worth exploring for both history enthusiasts and nature lovers.

Geography & Climate

It stands at an altitude of 1,880 m.

The city is surrounded by the Sierra Madre Occidental mountain range. The geography of Durango is characterized by rugged terrain, valleys, and mountains, making it an attractive destination for outdoor enthusiasts and nature lovers.

The municipality of Durango covers an area of diverse landscapes, including forests, rivers, and plateaus. It is known for its rich mining history, as the region was home to valuable mineral deposits that attracted Spanish settlers during the colonial era.

Climate

The weather and climate in Durango vary depending on the altitude. Due to its elevation, the city experiences a temperate climate with warm summers and relatively cold winters.

The summer months (May to September) are generally warm and pleasant, while the winter months (November to February) can bring cooler temperatures and occasional snowfall.

The best time to visit Durango is during the spring and summer months when the weather is milder and more conducive to outdoor activities. This period also allows you to enjoy the natural beauty of the surrounding landscapes.

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The city of Durango has a semi-arid climate. The climate is temperate in the western portion (the mountainous region), with the average annual temperature being 15 °C and an average annual rainfall of 1,600 mm.

In the eastern region, the average annual temperature is 19 °C, and precipitation amounts to 500 mm.

Winters are mild, with an average daytime high of 21 °C in January, the coldest month. As a result of the high altitude and aridity during the winter months, the diurnal temperature range is large, resulting in cold nights (an average low of 1 °C in January).

Frosts are common in winter. Occasionally, temperatures can go above 30 °C while cold fronts from the north can push temperatures below −5 °C. During the winter months, the climate is dominated by the subtropical ridge, resulting in dry conditions and many days are clear and sunny, averaging around 10-14 clear days.

Precipitation is rare, with March being the driest month.

Summers are warm to hot with June being the hottest month, with an average high of 30 °C and a low of 14 °C.

Most of the precipitation falls during the summer months, when the monsoon moves northward, causing moist air from the Gulf of California and the Gulf of Mexico to move into the area, leading to many days of precipitation.

Generally, this usually occurs around mid-June. Afternoon storms are common in the summer and they can be accompanied by hail or thunderstorms. July and August have warm temperatures, averaging 28 °C though slightly cooler due to the presence of the rain.

Humidity tends to be higher during the summer months, averaging 60% from June to September.

The months of March–April and from October to November are transitional months with warm temperatures during the day and cool temperatures during the night with occasional precipitation.

Origin of the name

The name “Durango” has its origins in the Basque language, deriving from the Basque word “Durangoko,” which means “land of water.” The city was named after Durango, a town in the Basque Country of Spain.

This name reflects the presence of rivers and water sources in the area.

History

The city was founded on July 8, 1563, by the Spanish Basque explorer Francisco de Ibarra. During the Spanish colonial era, the city was the capital of the Nueva Vizcaya province of New Spain, which consisted mostly of the present-day states of Durango and Chihuahua.

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The city of Durango was built on a wide valley in which a primitive Spanish village named Nombre de Dios was founded.

By the 16th century, the first conquerors who crossed through its territory were Cristobal de Oñate, José Angulo, and Gines Vazquez del Mercado, the latter was attracted by the illusion of the existence of a large supply of silver, he had ultimately discovered a special deposit of iron, which now bears his name.

In 1562 Don Francisco de Ibarra, the son of one of the celebrated founders of Zacatecas, explored the region and founded the Villa de Guadiana, near the old settlement of Nombre de Dios which soon became known as the Nueva Vizcaya in memory of the western Basque area he was originating from, then called Biscay.

Due to untamed territory and also to prevent a reduction in population, Ibarra bought a mine that offered the Indigenous peoples and the Spanish explorers work, with the sole condition that they in turn would settle in the founded city.

As in the colonial history of many cities, the founding of Durango is not exempt from the participation of many historical figures, some of which, in addition to Don Francisco de Ibarra, was the scribe Don Sebastian Quiroz, who produced the first correspondence record, the lieutenant Martin Renteria, who carried the banner of conquest, and the captain’s Alonso Pacheco, Martín López de Ibarra, Bartolome de Arreola and Martín de Gamon.

According to the 1921 Mexican census, the city had a population of 67,456 of which 21,300 were European immigrants.

Tourist Attractions & Sightseeing

Durango’s architecture is characterized by its eclectic nature, with elements resembling Barcelona, Florence, Paris, and Madrid. Spanish and French influences increased after the Declaration of Independence at the beginning of the 19th century, though the academic style persisted until the first decades of the 20th century.

The city was built on a rectangular street grid during the colonial era; during much of the post-independence period until the mid-20th century, the layout of the city looked the same as it did in the 17th century and, with the invention of cars and buses the city became a complicated maze of tangling and narrow colonial streets that made the city almost impossible to map. It was not until the 1990s and much of the first decade of the 21st century that the city’s government decided to clear some of the narrow colonial-era streets to build parks, plazas, and wider avenues that today continue to act as roads between the city’s sprawling “colonias” (neighborhoods).

Palacio de Gobierno

Baroque-style building built in the late 18th century by order of Spanish miner, Juan Jose Zambrano, the wealthiest man in the province of Nueva Vizcaya, New Spain at the time. Made of quarry the building consists of two levels: the first is a portal with voussoir arches, supported by padded ornamental columns. The second level of the portal, showcases the main balcony with a prominent bell; a replica of the “Campana de Dolores”. Throughout the interior, paintings by Francisco de la Cruz Montoya, completed on September 15, 1950, as well as works by Esquivel Ernesto Flores completed in April 1981 are on display.

Palacio Municipal

This neoclassical building was built in 1898 as a private residence of Peter Escárzaga, a wealthy Durangueño miner. Inside the building, there is a mural painting, by the Durangueño artist Francisco Montoya, of a cross that represents the city’s history from its founding until the present time, for example, the conquest of Nueva Vizcaya, the discovery of the Cerro del Mercado, the Revolution and the independence movement. This beautiful building has been owned by the City of Durango since 1930 when it was purchased to become City Hall.

Casa del Conde de Súchil

Built in the colonial era as a residence of José del Campo Soberón and Larrea, a lieutenant governor of Nueva Vizcaya in the late 18th century, it was built between 1763 and 1764 by a master mason named Pedro Huertas, who gave the house an excellent façade and magnificent baroque interior punctuated by Rococo-style detailing. The whole construction was made with a duranguense quarry onto which engravings are stamped to give it a touch of distinction above all other buildings of its kind.

Catedral Basílica Menor

Widely known as “Catedral Basílica de Durango”, it is situated in the heart of the city of Durango and is considered the most important architectural representation of the state, and one of the most beautiful buildings in northern Mexico. The original construction began under the leadership of Bishop Garcia Legazpi in 1695 and was designed by architect Mateo Nuñez. The main façade is baroque-style, and includes Corinthian columns and niches built to protect the image of St. Peter and St. Paul. The choir stage, built in the early 18th century is gilded and made of carved mahogany with polychrome styling. The cathedral boasts the second most beautiful richly carved choir stage in the country; second only to that preserved in the Metropolitan Cathedral in Mexico City. The altar formed by a Neoclassical style cypress, guards the image of the Purisima Concepcion; a polychrome and gilded carving of the 18th century. On the altar, there are paintings by duranguense artists Miguel Cabrera and Juan Correa.

Culture and contemporary life

Entertainment and performing arts

The city of Durango attracts close to one million visitors each summer for its annual month-long Feria Nacional De Durango (Durango’s National Festival) which has taken place since 1929. It is the most important festival in the history of the state and the city itself, in which Durango celebrates the anniversary of the founding of the city which occurred on July 8, 1563. The Feria Nacional De Durango hosts cultural forums, band expo’s, art exhibitions, performances, restaurants, and stores for visitors to shop at. There is also a fair with different mechanical rides and games for families to enjoy. This past summer 2016, artist such as Ha Ash, Jenny and the Mexicats, CD9, Amaia Montero, and Internacional Sonora Santanera were present for the concert series.

One attraction that is very popular within the community and it’s tourist is El Mirador de los Remedios. The community can enjoy the day and night view of the beautiful city of Durango from 100 meters above. People have the option to drive up to see the view while parked on the side or pay $20 pesos roundtrip to go on the cable car.

Durango also offers various cultural venues to host events such as conferences, concerts, and theatrical performances, among many others. Such venues include, Teatro Ricardo Castro (Ricardo Castro Theatre) and Auditorio Mercedes Mendoza (Mercedes Mendoza Auditorium).

Museums

The city of Durango hosts a variety of museums including Museo Regional de Durango (Regional Museum of Durango), Museo Arqueológico de Durango Ganot-Peschard (Ganot-Peschard Museum of Archaeology), Museo de Arte Moderno Guillermo Ceniceros (Guillermo Ceniceros Art Museum), Museo de Arte Contemporáneo Angel Zárraga (Angel Zagarra Museum of Contemporary Art), Museo Temático de Cine “Museo del Cine” (Thematic Film Museum),Museo de la Revolución en Durango (Museum of the Revolution in Durango), Mueseo de Arte Sacro (Museum of Sacred Art) and a museum designed especially for children: El Bebeleche-Museo Interactivo de Durango (Bebeleche-Interactive Museum Durango).

El Parque Guadiana

El Parque Guadiana (Guadiana Park), is considered an urban forest that provides environmental services to the city such as the carbon cycle, temperature control, and psychological benefits to those who visit the park. Parque Guadiana is also the habitat for many fauna species, especially the avifauna species that are found within the park.

El Parque Guadiana also offers kid-friendly infrastructure where children can play, a specialized trail for runners and walkers, fountains, an Olympic pool, and a town hall that was inaugurated in 1960. It also has a small train that goes around the Lago de los Patos “lake of the ducks”, and until recently, a recreational bicycle path, ( it currently is being remodeled) in a wooded area that serves as a source of cool air to cyclists.

Transportation

General Guadalupe Victoria International Airport is Durango’s main airport.

There are several bus lines, including Omnibus de Mexico, Mexico Omnibus Plus, Tourists Luxury, Executive Senda AVE, North Transport, Transport North Premier, Futura, Transport Chihuahuenses, Mexico Interstate Bus (ELITE).

Along with local lines, these are located at the city’s bus terminal, General Domingo Arrieta.

Within the city, taxicabs are available. Durango is one of the cities with the lowest taxi rates in the country.

The Baluarte Bridge (el Puente Baluarte) is a cable-stayed bridge that was inaugurated in January 2012. It is located over the border between the states of Sinaloa and Durango, which is part of the new highway that will connect Mazatlan to Durango, replacing the old Mexican Federal Highway 40, a notoriously dangerous winding road known as the Devil’s Backbone. which was the only road connecting these two states.

The new highway reduces travel times between Mazatlan and Durango by 6 hours. It has a length of 1,124 m and a cable-stayed span of 520 m. With a height of up to 390 m above the valley, the Baluarte Bridge is the highest cable-stayed bridge in the world.

Construction started on February 21, 2008, and the bridge was inaugurated in January 2012.

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