Patzcuaro – Mexican Routes https://mexicanroutes.com Best Travel Destinations & Tourist Guide in Mexico Sun, 21 Apr 2024 18:54:26 +0000 en-US hourly 1 https://mexicanroutes.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/02/cropped-MexicanRoutes_fav-150x150.png Patzcuaro – Mexican Routes https://mexicanroutes.com 32 32 Most charming towns in Mexico to visit https://mexicanroutes.com/most-charming-towns-in-mexico-to-visit/ Thu, 29 Sep 2022 05:03:48 +0000 https://mexicanroutes.com/?p=12796 Mexico is home to numerous picturesque towns, from historic colonial gems to quaint seaside spots often off the beaten path for many travelers. These cozy towns offer a glimpse into Mexico’s rich culture and history.

Most of these towns boast well-preserved historic buildings built over the centuries.

From colonial-era churches and majestic cathedrals to stately mansions and colorful adobe houses, these architectural buildings reflect the cultural heritage and influences from different historical periods and epochs.

Stroll through narrow charming cobblestone streets filled with quaint cafes, craft shops, and boutiques. The cobbled paths add to the town’s old-world charm and provide a picturesque backdrop for strolls and exploration.

Set amidst breathtaking natural landscapes, these towns offer stunning views. Whether nestled in the mountains, overlooking the ocean, or surrounded by lush countryside, each of these towns boasts its unique landscape.

From colorful festivals and traditional markets to local crafts and culinary delights, visitors can immerse themselves in the local culture, experiencing everything from folklore and live music to crafts and regional cuisine.

Many of these vibrant towns have been listed as UNESCO World Heritage Sites, but still fly under the radar of most visitors. If you’re not sure what to visit, you might want to consider one of these charming Mexican towns.

Taxco, Guerrero

Nestled among the lush mountains, Taxco is known as the country’s silver capital. With its winding cobblestone streets and white houses with red tile roofs, Taxco exudes the old-world charm of Mexico’s rich colonial heritage.

Rich in history and tradition, this picturesque city offers a fascinating combination of Spanish colonial architecture and indigenous influences, creating a unique atmosphere that captivates visitors from near and far.

Main attractions in Taxco:

  • Santa Prisca Cathedral
  • Charming Plazas and Alleyways
  • Vibrant Markets

What to eat in Taxco?

Try the local specialty, pozole verde, a hearty hominy soup flavored with aromatic herbs and spices. For dessert, enjoy sweet treats like churros dusted with cinnamon sugar or creamy flan topped with caramel sauce.

How to get there?

From Mexico City, visitors can take a scenic drive along the Autopista del Sol. Additionally, buses depart regularly from Mexico City’s Southern Bus Terminal, offering a convenient and affordable form of transportation.

Todos Santos, Baja California Sur

Located on the Pacific coast, Todos Santos beckons travelers with its bohemian charm and laid-back atmosphere. This eclectic town boasts a vibrant community of artists, surfers, and expats, creating a melting pot of cultures.

With its quaint picturesque streets lined with colorful adobe buildings, swaying palm trees, golden sands, and azure waters, Todos Santos exudes a relaxed vibe that invites visitors to unwind and explore at their own pace.

What to Eat in Todos Santos?

Savor the local specialties like fish tacos, ceviche, and seafood enchiladas, paired with refreshing margaritas or local craft beer. Don’t miss the opportunity to sample traditional Mexican desserts like churros or creamy flan.

How to get there?

From Cabo San Lucas, embark on a scenic drive along the Pacific Coast Highway. Alternatively, shuttle services and buses are available from Cabo San Lucas and La Paz, providing convenient transportation options.

Puerto Escondido, Oaxaca

Puerto Escondido enchants visitors with its pristine beaches and laid-back ambiance. With its golden sands, turquoise crystal waters, and breathtaking sunsets, this coastal town offers travelers a paradise away from the crowds.

What to do in Puerto Escondido?

  • Visit Mercado Benito Juárez
  • Surf on Zicatela Beach
  • Visit the bioluminescent Laguna de Manialtepec

What to Eat in Puerto Escondido?

Indulge in the rich flavors of Oaxacan cuisine with local delicacies like tlayudas, mole negro, and fresh seafood ceviche. Try a refreshing michelada or mezcal cocktail for an authentic taste of Mexico’s culinary heritage.

How to Get There?

From Oaxaca City, travelers can reach Puerto Escondido via a scenic drive along the coastal highway. Additionally, buses and shuttles depart regularly from Oaxaca City, providing convenient transportation options.

Sayulita, Nayarit

Sayulita embodies the essence of bohemian charm and luxury. This seaside village has transformed from a surf haven to a vibrant cultural hub for travelers seeking sun, surf, and a taste of Mexico’s bohemian spirit.

What to do in Sayulita?

  • Relax in a hammock on Sayulita Beach
  • Discover the bustling town plaza – the main square
  • Get diving lessons at Sayulita Surf School

What to Eat in Sayulita?

Taste fresh seafood tacos and ceviche, grilled fish and shrimp. Wash it all down with a refreshing agua fresca or a tangy margarita. Don’t forget to indulge in Sayulita’s famous street food, from savory tamales to churros.

How to Get There?

Sayulita is just a short drive or bus ride from Puerto Vallarta. Adventure seekers can drive along the scenic coastal route, enjoying panoramic views of the Pacific Ocean and lush tropical landscapes along the way.

Real de Catorce, San Luis Potosi

Real de Catorce is a relic of Mexico’s mining past. This enigmatic ghost town, once a bustling silver-mining hub, now stands frozen in time, its cobblestone streets and abandoned buildings whispering tales of bygone eras.

Main attractions in Real de Catorce:

  • Plaza Hidalgo, the town’s historic central square
  • La Parroquia de Immaculada Concepcion
  • Tunnel of Ogarrio and silver mines labyrinths

What to Eat in Real de Catorce?

Savor the flavors of traditional Mexican cuisine with hearty dishes like carne asada tacos, chile rellenos, and savory tamales, served with a side of homemade tortillas and fiery salsas. Wash it all down with a glass of pulque.

How to Get There?

From San Luis Potosi drive through the rugged landscapes of the Catorce Mountains.

Bernal, Queretaro

Bernal welcomes travelers with its timeless beauty and rich cultural heritage.

This picturesque town captivates with its meandering cobblestone streets, colorful facades, and historic 18th- and 19th-century buildings, set against the dramatic backdrop of one of the tallest monoliths in the world.

Main attractions:

  • Hike to the Peña de Bernal summit for panoramic views
  • Visit local craft shops and artisanal markets
  • Visit the Museum of the Mask

What to Eat in San Sebastian Bernal?

Taste traditional dishes like enchiladas queretanas, gorditas de nata, and barbacoa, accompanied by a refreshing glass of local wine or pulque. For dessert, treat yourself to local handmade candies and sweets.

How to Get There?

  • From Querétaro City, Bernal is just a short drive away.
  • Visitors can also reach Bernal by bus or taxi from Querétaro.

Oaxaca, Oaxaca

Oaxaca City stands as a vibrant tapestry of culture, history, and tradition. Surrounded by the mountain range, this colonial gem enchants visitors with its colorful streets, centuries-old architecture, and rich indigenous heritage.

From its bustling markets and lively plazas to its world-renowned cuisine, Oaxaca offers a blend of old-world charm and contemporary flair, inviting travelers to immerse themselves in the magic of Mexico’s cultural capital.

Main attractions:

  • Explore Oaxaca’s UNESCO-listed historic center
  • Marvel at the ornate facades of the Templo de Santo Domingo
  • Visit Mercado Benito Juárez
  • Visit the ancient Zapotec capital of Monte Albán, perched atop a hill

What to Eat in Oaxaca?

In Oaxaca, the flavors of indigenous ingredients and centuries-old recipes come together to create a symphony of taste and texture. Sample tlayudas, tamales, and mole negro with a refreshing mezcal or tejate.

For dessert, treat yourself to a sweet empanada or ice cream.

How to Get There?

From Mexico City, travelers can reach Oaxaca City by bus, car, or plane, and long-distance buses connecting the two cities. Alternatively, embark on a scenic road trip through the rugged landscapes of southern Mexico.

San Miguel de Allende

San Miguel de Allende is a town with timeless beauty and colonial charm. The town enchants visitors with its cobblestone streets, and historic architecture, creating a picturesque backdrop for exploration and discovery.

From its courtyards and plazas to its world-class restaurants, San Miguel de Allende offers a captivating mix of old-world elegance and modern sophistication, inviting travelers to experience the magic of Mexico’s cultural capital.

Main Attractions:

  • Marvel at the iconic Parroquia de San Miguel Arcángel
  • Explore San Miguel’s UNESCO-listed historic center

What to Eat in San Miguel de Allende?

Indulge in the flavors of central Mexico with traditional dishes like enchiladas mineras, chiles en nogada, and pozole, served with a side of handmade tortillas and fiery salsas.

Pair your meal with a glass of local wine or mezcal for an authentic taste of San Miguel’s culinary heritage, and don’t forget to save room for dessert, whether it’s a decadent tres leches cake or a sweet concha from a local bakery.

How to Get There?

From Mexico City, travelers can reach San Miguel de Allende by bus, car, or shuttle.

Alternatively, adventurous souls can embark on a scenic road trip through the picturesque landscapes of central Mexico, enjoying breathtaking views of the countryside along the way.

Patzcuaro, Michoacan

Pátzcuaro enchants visitors with its colonial charm, indigenous heritage, and natural beauty.

This picturesque pueblo mágico (magic town) captivates travelers with its cobblestone streets, red-and-white adobe walls, and centuries-old traditions, creating a timeless haven where past and present converge.

From its bustling markets and historic plazas to its tranquil lakeside promenades, Pátzcuaro offers a captivating glimpse into Mexico’s rich cultural tapestry, inviting visitors to explore, discover, and connect with the soul of Michoacán.

Main Attractions:

  • Plaza Vasco de Quiroga, the city’s central square
  • Admire the colonial architecture
  • Marvel at the majestic Basílica de Nuestra Señora de la Salud
  • Embark on a scenic boat ride to Isla Janitzio

What to Eat in Pátzcuaro?

Indulge in the flavors of Michoacán with traditional dishes like uchepos (corn tamales), corundas (triangular tamales), and pescado blanco (whitefish), served with a side of rice, beans, and spicy salsa.

Wash it all down with a glass of local charanda (sugar cane spirit) or atole (hot corn drink), and don’t forget to sample the region’s famous artisanal sweets, including candied fruits, tamarind candies, and sugar-coated peanuts.

How to Get There?

From Morelia, travelers can reach Pátzcuaro by bus, taxi, or rental car. Alternatively, adventurous souls can embark on a scenic drive through the picturesque landscapes of Michoacán, enjoying breathtaking views of the countryside along the way.

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Pátzcuaro https://mexicanroutes.com/patzcuaro/ Wed, 11 Oct 2017 02:05:05 +0000 http://mexicanroutes.com/?p=1368 Pátzcuaro is a large town and municipality located in the state of Michoacán.

The town was founded sometime in the 1320s, at first becoming the capital of the Tarascan state and later its ceremonial center.

After the Spanish took over, Vasco de Quiroga worked to make Pátzcuaro the capital of the New Spain province of Michoacán, but after his death, the capital would be moved to nearby Valladolid (today Morelia).

Pátzcuaro has retained its colonial and indigenous character since then and has been named both a “Pueblo Mágico” and one of the 100 Historic World Treasure Cities by the United Nations.

Pátzcuaro and the lake region it belongs to is well known as a site for Day of the Dead celebrations.

Most industry here involves food processing and the making of crafts such as furniture, textiles, jewelry, ironwork, religious figures, and other things. Most commerce revolves around catering to tourists and meeting locals’ basic needs.

Fishing is still done in the lake. Tourism is mostly based on sites located in the town of Pátzcuaro, along with neighboring archeological sites of Ihuatzio and Tzintzuntzan. Sports such as mountain biking and paragliding have also been introduced.

Geo & Climate

As municipal seat, the town of Pátzcuaro is the governing authority over 104 other named communities, with a total population of 79,868 and a territory of 435.96 sq km. The 2005 census indicates that just under 4,000 people still speak an indigenous language in the municipality.

The municipality covers most of the Pátzcuaro basin, which is part of the Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt and surrounded by a number of mountains such as the Cerro el Blanco, Cerro del Estribo, Cerro del Frijol, and Cerro del Burro.

Almost all the water in Lake Patzcuaro comes from one stream called the El Chorrito and a number of freshwater springs.

The climate is temperate with rains in the summer. Temperatures vary during the year from between 9 and 23 C.

The municipality is primarily covered in forests with pine, holm oak, and cedar trees. Most fauna consists of small mammals and fish found in the lake.

Origin of the Name

There are several possibilities as to the meaning of “Pátzcuaro”.

The first is from “phascuaro” which means place dyed in black, or from “patatzecuaro”, which means place of foundations, another is from petatzimícuaro meaning place of bullrushes, and still, others state that it means happy place or seat of temples.

Pátzcuaro received its coat of arms in 1553 from Charles V of Spain.

History

The only history available about the founding of Pátzcuaro comes from a book called Relación written by Viceroy Antonio de Mendoza.

It states that two chiefs by the names of Páracume and Vápeani arrived in the area, then called Tarimichundiro, with their tribe, the Chichimecas. Here they began to build their temples, called “cues” by placing four large rocks close together.

No date is given for this event, but since the deaths of the two original chiefs occurred in 1360, it is widely supposed that the founding occurred around 1324.

Around this time, three indigenous groups lived around Lake Pátzcuaro and continuously fought each other. One group was called the “Coringuaro,” another group the “Isleños” and the third the Chichimecas in Pátzcuaro.

The Tarascan kingdom began with Tariácuri, the first chief of the area who assumed the title of “caltzontzin,” or emperor, by conquering his neighbors. Pátzcuaro was the first capital of the Tarascos.

The new kingdom was divided into three principalities called Ihauatzio, Tzintzuntzan, and Pátzcuaro. Later, power shifted to the Tzintzuntzan principality, becoming the new capital, leaving Pátzcuaro as the ceremonial center, and a retreat for the nobility.

When the Spanish arrived in Michoacán, many sought refuge in Pátzcuaro. Forts were built in a neighborhood that is still called “Barrio Fuerte” (Fort Neighborhood).

Fighting continued between the Tarascans and the Spanish. A meeting between the emperor Tanganxoan II and Cristóbal de Olid was arranged. Getting down off his horse, Olid embraced the monarch, then forced him to kneel in front of the crowd.

Later was built a chapel called “El Humilladero” (The Humiliated).

In 1526, Nuño de Guzmán came as the head of the new Spanish government to punish the Tarascans harshly. This culminated with the torture and death of Tanganxoan II the last Tarascan emperor.

After this, most residents of Pátzcuaro fled to the mountains leaving the area mostly unpopulated. Vasco de Quiroga arrived in Pátzcuaro to take over. He expelled Nuño de Guzmán and confiscated his properties.

Nuño was eventually sent back to Spain as a prisoner for his crimes in New Spain.

In 1538, the Spanish established their settlement in Pátzcuaro, founding the Diocese of Michoacán with Vasco de Quiroga as the first bishop. Pátzcuaro was made the capital of the new Spanish province.

The 1540s saw a repopulation of the area with Bishop Vasco de Quiroga convincing many of the Indians to return and bringing in a number of Spanish families. For this Vasco de Quiroga is considered to be the founder of modern Pátzcuaro.

He renamed the place the City of Michoacán, which was confirmed by royal decree in 1553, with Pátzcuaro receiving its current coat of arms. The cathedral was constructed over the temple dedicated to the goddess Cueráppari.

Vasco de Quiroga wanted to build an ambitious cathedral here, with five naves, but this was declared unacceptable by the Spanish crown and only one of the naves was built.

It remains to this day. Pátzcuaro remained the largest city in the Spanish province until about ten years after Vasco de Quiroga’s death.

Viceregal authorities then decided to change the capital to the recently founded Valladolid (today Morelia) in 1575. Ecclesiastical authorities moved the diocese and the College of San Nicolás, established by Vasco de Quiroga, to Valladolid as well.

Pátzcuaro remained the economic and spiritual center of the Lake Pátzcuaro region with a life dominated by Franciscan and Augustinian friars. In the mid-18th century, the city had a population of about 3,300 people.

During the Mexican War of Independence, Pátzcuaro was attacked several times. Gertrudis Bocanegra was shot by a firing squad for her participation in insurgent activities by royalist forces on the main square of Pátzcuaro on 10 October 1817.

After Independence, the town was the capital of the 12th district of the West Department of Michoacán. In 1831, the state was reorganized and Pátzcuaro became the seat of the municipality of the same name.

During the Reform War in 1867, Pátzcuaro sided with the Conservatives, who wanted to maintain the second Mexican empire. The city was then attacked by General Régules of the Republican side, who took possession of the town after a bloody fight and named liberal leaders.

During the Porfirio Díaz period, just before the Mexican Revolution, the Pátzcuaro area was heavily dominated by large landholders, haciendas, and some foreign companies, pushing popular sympathy for the rebels to come.

The town became a strategic point for taking the Michoacán capital. The town remained in rebel hands for most of the conflict but was taken in 1913 by Victoriano Huerta’s government.

At the end of the conflict, the reconstruction of the town included the conservation of its colonial and indigenous look.

Tourist Attractions & Sightseeing

Since the Mexican Revolution, Patzcuaro has worked to keep its traditional colonial-indigenous look. Unlike the capital, houses in Pátzcuaro are made of adobe and/or wood and generally have tiled roofs. Cobblestone streets dominate the center of town down to the lake.

The town is filled with stores and vendors selling a wide variety of crafts, many in bright colors. Patzcuaro is the market hub of the region, with smaller villages bringing in their own specialized crafts such as copperware, black pottery, musical instruments, baskets, etc.

Local dishes include tamales filled with fish, tarasca soup, red pozole, atole, trout dishes, and a number of cold drinks based on corn. The courtyards and balconies are almost always filled with flowering plants, which is a tradition in Patzcuaro, with many homeowners sharing tips and plants with each other, sometimes even cross-breeding a new variety of flowers.

The most common flower to be seen is the begonia, which blooms best between July and September. Other common plants include geraniums, mallows, bougainvilleas, tiger lilies, azaleas, hydrangeas, roses, and others.

Non-flowering plants that can also be seen include palm trees, selaginella, and various cacti. Some grow medicinal and culinary herbs such as aloe, chamomile, mint, basil, and others.

Patzcuaro was named one of the 100 Historic World Treasure Cities by the United Nations. This generated funds for restoration projects such as repairing the old cobblestone streets. It is also one of Mexico’s “Pueblos Mágicos” (Magic Towns).

The town center is called the Plaza Vasco de Quiroga or the Plaza Grande. This plaza is large considering the size of the town. The Plaza Grande was dedicated to Vasco de Quiroga in 1964 when a fountain containing a bronze statue of the bishop was placed in the center.

This sculpture was done by Costa Rican artist Francisco Zúñiga. The Plaza is surrounded by old, stately ash trees and colonial-era mansions. Unlike most other towns and cities in Mexico, the main church does not face this plaza.

While crafts can be seen for sale in all of the towns, they are prominent in the Plaza.

The main square is filled with stores selling a very wide variety of crafts including carved wooden statues and furniture, brightly painted accents depicting flowers and animals, brilliant piles of woven textiles, draperies, table cloths, bedspreads and napkins, wooden figures, religious art, clay plaques and pots, polished wooden boxes, and guitars, picture frames, woolen blankets, copper vases and platters, basketry, and items made of woven straw and reed, and sculpted and scented candles.

Many of these are on display in the shops set into the colonial buildings around the plaza, with much more inside.

Facing the main plaza is the Palace of Huitziméngari. This structure, like most of the rest of the town, is made of adobe and has a clay tile roof. This palace belonged to Antonio de Huitziméngari, the son of the last Tarascan cazonci (monarch), and the godson of the first viceroy of New Spain, Antonio de Mendoza.

It has two floors, and a sober facade, and the inner courtyard is surrounded by round arches and filled with flowers. On the upper floor, there is a statue of a dog, an allusion to Huitziméngari’s name which in Tarascan mythology referred to the dog that served the Lord of Paradise. The dog motif is repeated on some of the inside doors.

One block to the north of the Vasco Plaza is the Plaza Gertrudis Bocanegra, also called the Plaza Chica. The market off of Gertrudis Bocanegra specializes in woolen goods, kitchen implements, pottery, copper, and straw items.

Friday is market day, filling the walkways here with stalls with goods from various villages. Near main holidays, such as Day of the Dead, this market can spill over to the other two plazas in town as well.

One of the buildings next to this plaza is the Ex Temple of San Agustin, which was founded in the 16th century. Today it houses the Gertrudis Bocanega Library. This library has a mural painted by Juan O’Gorman depicting the history of Michoacán.

Two blocks east of the Plaza Chica is the most important church in Pátzcuaro, the Basilica of Nuestra Señora de la Salud. This church was built by Vasco de Quiroga over a pre-Hispanic ceremonial site to function as the Cathedral of Michoacán.

Vasco de Quiroga’s original project was ambitious, with five naves surrounding a cupola, but the Spanish Crown thought the project inappropriate, and only one of the naves was built.

The church served as the Cathedral until 1850 when that function was moved to Valladolid (now Morelia). This church was designated a basilica in 1924. The facades have been modified since it was built at the end of the 19th century, which is why it now has a Neoclassical appearance.

The inside has a roof decorated to look like a vault but it is really a flat roof. The image here is the Virgin of the Immaculate Conception that originally was in the Hospital of Santa Marta.

Now called “Our Lady of Health”, it is made with corn-stalk paste and honey that was created in the 16th century. The remains of Vasco de Quiroga are interred here. This basilica is visited every day, but especially on the eighth day of every month to pay homage to the region’s patroness.

The Museo de Artes e Industrias Populares (Museum of Popular Arts and Industries) is located just south of the Basilica. The building was originally constructed as the College of San Nicolás in the 16th century by Vasco de Quiroga to prepare young men for the priesthood and to teach Indian youth to read and write.

After the College was moved to Valladolid in 1580, the building was turned over to the Jesuits to found the College of Santa Catarina which functioned as a primary school. It contains one of the largest collections of lacquered items, models, and other crafts.

The Temple Sagrario was begun in 1693 and completed exactly two centuries later. For this reason, it has incorporated a number of different architectural styles, with different decorative elements.

The temple has a Neoclassical interior, with the parquetry floors as the only aspect left of the original construction. It has a Churrigueresque altar and on the west wall, there is a small chapel dedicated to the Virgin of Dolores on a Baroque altarpiece. These are the only ones of their type left in Pátzcuaro. The building has functioned as the Sanctuary of Nuestra Señora de la Salud since 1924.

The Casa de Los Once Patios (House of Eleven Courtyards) was constructed in 1742 for Dominican nuns of the order of Santa Catarina de Sena. They gradually expanded the initial building by buying adjacent houses, which is why the complex once had eleven courtyards, but now that is down to only five.

In the west corridor, the oldest part of the complex, there is a fountain and a Baroque portal leading to a room that had a bathtub with hot and cold running water, a rare luxury at the time.

In the 1960s, the complex was restored and since then has functioned as workshops and stores for local crafts. The workshops include those that make shawls and lacquered items. Behind the Casa de Los Once Patios is the Pila de San Miguel.

According to legend, the devil was bothering the women who were coming here to get water. To scare the devil away, Vasco de Quiroga put the image of Archangel Michael there.

The Church of San Ignacio de Loyola, better known as the Temple of the Company of Jesus, is one of the most relevant religious structures architecturally. It has a sober Baroque facade divided into panels which are typical for this area.

The interior guard’s valuable religious paintings such as a series of angels and works done in wood. One of these is a multicolored panel about Saint Ignatius of Loyola.

The east wall of this church held the remains of Vasco de Quiroga before they were moved to the Basilica. The complex has a large courtyard and a “punished” clock, set high up in a tower. It is considered “punished” as it does not chime at twelve noon.

It is said that the machinery for the clock was brought from Spain on orders of Charles V who wanted to get rid of it for marking an hour that was disagreeable to the Crown.

Another story states that an unfortunate young woman was killed by the clock when she got in the way of the bell and the pendulum when it was ready to ring twelve. In the 16th century, the complex suffered major damage due to a fire.

It was rebuilt to the look that it has now. This temple and the cloister next door housed the Jesuits when they came to Pátzcuaro at the request of Vasco de Quiroga because of their reputation in the field of education.

The adjoining building is now the Casa de Cultura.

The Chapel del Humilladero was constructed by Vasco de Quiroga in 1553 on the site where the last Tarascan emperor, Tanganxoan II, was forced to kneel before the Spanish, giving the site its name (The Humiliated).

The crucifix of this chapel was sculpted from a single block of cantera stone, both the body and the cross. It is said that Vasco de Quiroga had the piece sculpted in 1553, but it was not finished until 1628.

Lake Pátzcuaro

Pátzcuaro sits on the southern edge of Lake Pátzcuaro, and this lake still has important economic and cultural significance for the town. Associated with Pátzcuaro are a number of islands, the best-known of which is Janitzio, a name that means corn hair.

It is recognizable through the forty-meter statue of José María Morelos y Pavón that is on the top of the hill. Underneath the statue is a series of murals about the life of this Mexican hero. There are four other islands in the lake.

La Pacanda is in the center. This island has a small pond in it with carp and ducks. Yuneén Island is near the center and its name means half moon. Its attractions include vegetation, traditional houses, and cabins for visitors.

Urandenes is closer to Patzcuaro and consists of three islands surrounded by canals in which white fish were formally raised.

The pez blanco (whitefish) that used to bring tourists to Pátzcuaro is no longer fished because of the lake’s contamination, although on special occasions the famous butterfly nets are often displayed in canoes on the water.

Tecuena is the smallest island in the lake and its name means good honey. The docks at Pátzcuaro have boats that travel to these islands.

Until 2007, only Pátzcuaro had a water treatment facility with smaller communities discharging wastewater directly into the lake, causing grave pollution problems. Contamination has mostly been chemical, trash, and wastewater, as well as sediment during the rainy season.

The government of the state of Michoacán, the federal environmental protection agency, and the Instituto Mexicano de Tecnologia del Agua have started a program to clean up the basin of Lake Pátzcuaro.

The plan is to repair the existing water treatment facilities and build two more. It also includes reforestation around the lake, landfills, and barriers to prevent the contamination of the streams of the basin.

Traditions & Festivals

Pátzcuaro and the surrounding lake area have one of the best-known Day of the Dead celebrations in Mexico. Markets catering to the Day of the Dead abound in all of Michoacán but the best of what is to be had is in the market in the main plaza of Pátzcuaro.

Here is one of the major crafts competitions of the year. Day of the Dead is celebrated very intensely in the towns and villages around Lake Pátzcuaro. Preparations include major cleaning and repair of the local cemeteries and the creation of flowered arches for gates of the atriums of local churches.

These are made with a flower called cempasúchil, related to the chrysanthemum. In the early morning of November 1, the “velación de la angelitos” (wake for the little angels) to honor children who have died during the previous year.

This is generally done in the local cemeteries.

During this day also is an event called the “teruscan,” in which children run around town “stealing” ears of corn, squash, and chayotes from the roofs of neighbors’ houses. The stolen food is brought to the community center to be cooked to feed the community.

Festivities continue to midnight on November 2, which begins the “velación de los difuntos” (wake for the deceased) when again the towns gather in local cemeteries. This time men remain outside.

Women and children enter to lay offerings of flowers and food, generally laid on embroidered napkins. Then prayers and chants are recited. For this reason, the Day of the Dead is usually referred to in Pátzcuaro as the Night of the Dead. When daylight comes, a collection of food is taken for the parish priest and most people go to mass.

A parallel event in Pátzcuaro and other towns in Michoacán is the Festival Cultural de la Muerte. Since 1993, this event has been held to exhibit paintings, photographs, film, dance, crafts, and altars that are created for this day. Canoeing competitions on the lake are popular here as well as “torneos de calavaeras”(tournaments of skulls) which are satirical poetry contests with the theme of death and black humor. This festival takes place from 27 October to 2 November.

Other traditional events associated with the Day of the Dead here include the Concert of the Basilica of Pátzcuaro and the staging of “Don Juan Tenorio” in Erongarícuaro. Both take place at 9 pm on 1 November.

Another interesting event is the “Juego Prehispanico de Pelota Encendida (Mesoamerican ball game –lighted) At 7 pm on 1 November in the village of Tzintzuntzan the game is played in the old ball court, called Las Yácatas, with a ball set on fire.

It is also done in the main square of the village.

There is a legend related to the Day of the Dead here about two Tarascan nobles, Princess Mintzita and Prince Itzihuapa. They were in love but unable to unite in part because of the arrival of the Spanish to Michoacán.

Princess Mintzita offered the Spanish the treasure that was hidden at the bottom of Lake Patzcuaro for the release of her father.

Itzihuapa himself offered to go and get it, but when he did, he was captured by the twenty ghosts that guard treasure, becoming the 21st guardian. This broke Mintzita’s heart.

However, this occurred on the night that these guardian ghosts came back to life for one night and the two lovers were able to spend time together until daylight.

Tourist Assistance + Emergency Numbers

You can dial 078 from any phone, where you can find free information about

tourist attractions, airports, travel agencies, car rental companies, embassies, and consulates, fairs

and exhibitions, hotels, hospitals, financial services, migratory and other issues.

Or dial the toll-free (in Mexico) number 01-800-006-8839.

You can also request information to the email correspondencia@sectur.gob.mx

MORE EMERGENCY NUMBERS:

General Information: 040 (not free)

National Emergency Service: 911

Radio Patrols: 066
Police (Emergency): 060
Civil Protection: +52(55)5683-2222
Anonymous Complaint: 089

Setravi (Transport Mobility): +52(55)5209-9913
Road Emergency: 074

Cruz Roja: 065 o +52(55)5557-5757
Firefighters: 068 o +52(55)5768-3700

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